KINESIOLOGY CARDIOVASCULAR ANATOMY AND FUNCTION

Major Cardiovascular Functions  Delivery  Removal  Transport  Maintenance  Prevention

After blood has left the lungs, which chamber of the heart does it enter? Where does the left ventricle pump blood to? Which chamber of the heart does blood return to that has been through the systemic system? BLOOD FLOW THROUGH THE HEART

Cardiovascular System Pulmonary Circuit  To the lungs and back Systemic Circuit  To the rest of the body and back

THE HEART

THE CHAMBERS OF THE HEART  The atria are smaller than the ventricles  Why is the left ventricle thicker than the right ventricle?

INTERCALATED DISKS What are intercalated disks and what is their function?

THE INTRINSIC CONDUCTION SYSTEM

What is the function of the SA node? What is the function of the AV node? The AV bundle (bundle of His)? Bundle branches: right and left? Purkinje fibers?

Electrocardiogram (ECG)  Depolarization and Repolarization. What are they?  The P wave?  The QRS complex?  The T wave?  Electrical activity of the heart increases during both

PHASES OF THE RESTING ECG Atrial repolarization

PHASES OF THE RESTING ECG PQRS

CONTROL OF THE HEART  Parasympathetic Nervous System.  Sympathetic Nervous System.  Epinephrine and norepinephrine.

CARDIAC TERMS Heart Rate (40 million beats per year) Bradycardia Tachycardia Stroke Volume Cardiac Output (1,400 gallons a day) Cardiac Cycle (next slide)

CARDIAC CYCLE  Events that occur between two consecutive heartbeats (systole to systole)  Diastole?  Systole?

THE VASCULAR SYSTEM  Arteries  Arterioles  Capillaries  Venules  Veins 100,000 miles of blood vessels

ARTERIES

ARTERIOLES

CAPILLARIES

VEINS

CORONARY CIRCULATION

CORONARY ARTERIES Right Anterior Descending Artery Left Anterior Descending Artery Circumflex Artery

Coronary Artery Disease

THE BLOOD Red Blood Cells Hematocrit Blood Pressure

Red Blood Cells Hemaglobin

Hematocrit

Blood Pressure  What is a normal systolic blood pressure reading?  What is a normal diastolic blood pressure reading?  Systolic and Diastolic. What’s the difference?

Blood Pressure