PHILANTHROPY

Definition of Philanthropy Literally “the love of people” Must be considered ‘not for profit’ Giving of: Time Talent Treasure

Historic Philanthropic Events 1862 Foundation of the Red Cross 1889 “The Gospel of Wealth” by Andrew Carnegie encourages the wealthy to leave their money to the poor 1891 John D. Rockefeller hires a staff to manage his philanthropic enterprises 1913 The state of New York charters the Rockefeller Foundation 1921 Congress rules to grant tax breaks based on personal giving

Historical Example: Madame CJ Walker Born in Delta, Louisiana Daughter of former slaves Orphaned at age 7 Married three times Famous for African American women’s hair products

A Selected List of Madame CJ Walker’s Philanthropic Activities Donated to the National Association of Colored Women Donated to homes for the aged and poor in St. Louis and Indianapolis, and the Indianapolis Young Men's Christian Association Contributed to Palmer Memorial Institute, a private secondary school for African Americans in Sedalia, North Carolina Made large donations to educational institutions, such as Mary McLeod Bethune's Daytona Normal and Industrial Institute for Negro Girls Founded an academy for girls in West Africa

To Whom It May Concern, I was born a free woman and raised on the farms of Mississippi. Much of my childhood was spent picking cotton. At the age of seven I was orphaned. I moved to St. Louis at the age of 20 following the death of my first husband. There I worked as a laundress and was paid very little; only enough to survive. I became interested in hair tonics when I was attempting to find a treatment for a scalp ailment that left me bald for a period of time. Later, I moved to Denver and worked as a hair tonic salesperson. My boss was Annie Malone. Her success as a black entrepreneur inspired me to go into business. I opened the Madam C.J. Walker Manufacturing Company and sold hair care products and cosmetics. The company has been a huge success, and I soon became a wealthy woman. I set part of it aside for me and built a lovely house in Irvington on Hudson, New York. I thought that I should use the money from the company to expand the economic opportunities for fellow Americans, especially blacks like myself. I take great pride in profitable employment. My company has allowed unlimited opportunities for thousands of black women who work as cosmetic agents at the company. I would describe myself as “a woman who came from the cotton fields of the South. From there I was promoted to the washtub. From there I was promoted to the cook kitchen. And from there I promoted myself into the business of manufacturing hair goods and preparations....I have built my own factory on my own ground.” I would consider philanthropy a huge component in today’s society. People are in need of things to help them survive. I started with almost nothing and rose above poverty through my hard work. Now I want to help give other people, like myself, the opportunity to succeed. It takes a lending hand to get someone started and they too can rise to greatness. Sincerely, Madame CJ Walker

Famous Person: Oprah Winfrey Born into a family of poverty in Kosciusko, Mississippi Sexually abused by male family member around age nine Teen pregnancy resulting in dead child Attended Nicolet High School and Tennessee State University on scholarship Two TV shows, magazine, and television channel

Oprah Winfrey’s Philanthropic Activities Oprah’s Angel Network founded in 1998 Has raised more than $51,000,000 Listed by Business Week as one of the 50 most generous philanthropists $10 million to dollars to Hurricane Katrina Relief Established the Oprah Winfrey Leadership Academy for girls in South Africa

Importance in Democracy Tax Breaks Individuals receive tax exemptions in return for donations In order for society to function successfully every member must be concerned with the whole Similar to concept of Communism