The History and Evolution of Weather Forecasting. Lindsay Whistman 2 nd Per.

WWK: We will know the history of weather forecasting and how it has evolved and developed.

Forecasting is evolving  Forecasting Is a prediction for weather conditions for the near future.  In the 1920’s the invention of weather balloons allowed us to be able to send radios up into the atmosphere and that information collected would be transmitted by radio waves back.  Now Doppler technology is used today to analyze weather. This helps the forecasts by gathering information of an approaching weather formation than receiving information on a weather formation that is fleeing.

Early start to Forecasting  The study of the atmosphere and atmospheric process, namely weather and climate or Meteorology. Can be traced back all the to the years spanning where the first recorded weather instrument was made that being the first humidity measure.  In 1643 Galileo invented the barometer which is used for measuring atmospheric pressure.  The Invention of the Telegraph and the immergence of its multiple networks allowed routine transmissions between those who observed the weather with those who compiled all the information together making the first crude drawings of weather maps, wind patterns, and storm systems could be identified and study.

How the evolution and development of Forecasting has affected us  While the process has taken a long time we as a society are understanding how the weather effects our planet and us.  With the help of being able to use Doppler Radar and being able to get all of the information possible on an incoming storm we can receive more details on upcoming storms and weather systems, such as Hurricane Sandy.

Vocabulary Terms Forecasting Is a prediction for weather conditions for the near future. Meteorology: The study of the atmosphere and atmospheric process, namely weather and climate. Barometer: An instruments used to measure atmospheric pressure.

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K.S. K.S. What is Meteorology?

WWK: Understand the structures of Tornadoes and Cyclones and their effect on the biosphere. Graham Loveland

Tornadoes Tornado: a tornado is a mesocyclone or an intense rotating column of air with destructive winds that last a few minutes to hours.

How Tornadoes form Tornadoes form from a convergence: when air masses flow together creating an updraft.

The fujita scale Tornadoes are ranked on the fujita scale based on their wind speed. F-0 winds of 73 mph max. F-1 winds of mph. F-2 winds of mph. F-3 winds of mph. F-4 winds of mph. F-5 winds of mph.

Hurricanes A Hurricane is a cyclone or the center of a low pressure system. A Hurricane is an intense rotating cyclone with winds minimum of 75 mph.

Hurricane categories Category 1: mph winds Category 2: mph winds Category 3: mph winds Category 4: mph winds Category 5: winds exceeding 157 mph.

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K.S. How many categories are in the fujita scale?

WWK How green house gases affect the climate and weather of the earth

These gases allow sunlight to enter the atmosphere freely. When sunlight strikes the Earth’s surface, some of it is reflected back towards space as infrared radiation (heat). Greenhouse gases absorb this infrared radiation and trap it in the atmosphere. What are greenhouse gases?

rising concentrations of greenhouse gases generally produce an increase in the average temperature of the Earth. Rising temperatures may produce changes in weather, sea levels, and land use patterns, commonly referred to as “climate change”. What effect do greenhouse gases have on earth’s climate?

In the U.S., our greenhouse gas emissions mainly come from energy use. Energy-related carbon dioxide emissions, resulting from petroleum and natural gas, represent 82 percent of total U.S. human-made greenhouse gas emissions. What are the sources of greenhouse gases?

Greenhouse gases- chemical compounds that trap heat in the lower atmosphere. Infrared radiation- heat absorbed by greenhouse gases Vocabulary Terms

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What are greenhouse gases? KS

WWK Unit 8 We will know a few major events in history such as the Dust Bowl, Hurricane Katrina, and the Joplin Tornado and how they impacted the Earth. Period 2 Sam Pittser

The Dust Bowl The Dust Bowl took place during the 1930s. The main cause of the dust bowl was the over usage of the land but more importantly the drought. Due to minimal rain fall and all the land turning to dust farmers were unable to grow crops and caused the U.S. to fall into an economic depression.

Hurricane Katrina Hurricane Katrina was the deadliest and most destructive hurricane of the 2005 season. As do most hurricanes, Hurricane Katrina started out as a tropical storm in the ocean. Overall Katrina took 1833 people’s lives and was one of the costliest natural disasters that left many people homeless due to its path of destruction.

Joplin Tornado The Joplin Tornado took place and first touched down in Joplin Missouri in As every other tornado starts, the Joplin Tornado started out as a mesocyclone which formed over Missouri before touching down and starting its path of destruction in the city of Joplin. The Joplin Tornado was the deadliest tornado in America since 1947 as well as the costliest single Tornado in US history.

These are examples of Natural Disasters.

Vocab Drought – a period of dry weather, especially a long one that is injurious to crops. Hurricane – A tropical cyclone storm having winds exceeding 74 mph. Mesocyclone – An intense, rotating wind system in the lower part of a thunderstorm which is the starting point of tornado development. Natural Disaster – Any event or force of nature that has catastrophic consequences.

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K.S. Name one type of a natural disaster.