UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF Dr. B. Nagamalleswara Rao Professor & Head DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF ROOFTOP RAINWATER HARVESTING SYSTEM(RRHS) FOR D-BLOCK OF VNRVJIET CAMPUS By G.Sandhya Rani (10071A0174) J.Sai Kiran (10071A0176) K.Sravan kumar (10071A0185) Department of Civil Engineering VNR Vignana Jyothi Institute of Engineering &Technology, Bachupally, Nizampet (S.O), Hyderabad , AP B.Rani (11075A0117) M.Mahesh (11075A0124)

CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION 2. OBJECTIVES 3. LITERATURE REVIEW 4. METHODOLOGY 5. TIME SCHEDULE 6. APPLICATIONS 7. REFERENCES 2

1.INTRODUCTION Water is the most common or major substance on earth, covering more than 70% of the planets surface. The total amount of water on earth remains constant. The rapid growth in population together with industrial development, are putting stress on the natural ecosystems. Water supply mainly depends on the natural water bodies likes lakes and artificial water bodies like reservoirs etc. Due to the Urbanisation and rapid growth in the population many lakes has been lost and the majority of the present were polluted. This results in the imbalance of demand and supply of water. To overcome supply shortages, many households, businesses and industries fall back on groundwater reserves. The number of bore wells increased.

1.INTRODUCTION This is leading to the fall in the ground water table. One possible strategy could be the usage of rainwater in order to overcome the shortage of water. Rain water harvesting means to make optimum use of rain water at the place where it falls i.e. conserve it and not allowing it to drain away. The water can be used as drinking water, water for livestock, water for irrigation or to refill aquifers in a process called ground water recharge. The rainwater falling on roof of residential buildings and institutions can be an important contribution to the availability of water.

Hydrological cycle

2.OBJECTIVES Design of rain water harvesting system components. Implementation of rain water harvesting system in D Block of VNRVJIET campus Cost benefit analysis

3. LITERATURE REVIEW  ANIL AGARWAL (2013): Manual on Urban Rainwater Harvesting “Catch Water Where it Falls”  KIRAN. A, NIKHIL. T, R HARISH, J KULKARNI (2012): Harvested Rain Water for Drinking- Research Paper.  ROHITASHW KUMAR, THAMAN S, AGRAWAL G. and SHARMA POONAM(2011): Rain Water Harvesting and Ground Water Recharging in North Western Himalayan Region for Sustainable Agricultural Productivity- Research Paper.  M. DINESH KUMAR, ANKIT PATEL(2005) : Rainwater Harvesting in the Water-scarce Regions of India potential and Pitfalls-Research paper  ACHAYRA, B. P. (2004). Managing Water Sector Institution - HMWSSB Experience (Presentation). Hyderabad Metropolitan Water Supply and Sewerage Board, Hyderabad.  SIVARAMAN, K.R. & THILLAI GOVINDARAJAN S.. (2003), Manual on Rainwater Harvesting. Chennai, Akash Ganga.  ARIYABANDU R. D. S. (2003). Very-Low-Cost Domestic Roof Water Harvesting in the Humid Tropics: Its Role in Water Policy. Sri Lanka Domestic Roofwater Harvesting Research Programme.

4. METHODOLOGY Collection of the building data. Collection of rainfall data of past 10 years. Design of RWHS components Implementation

COMPONENTS OF RWHS 9 Roof Catchment Drain pipes Down pipes First Flush Pipe Storage Tank Recharge Pit Drain Pipe Storage tank Down pipe First Flush Pipe

DESIGN OF RWHS COMPONENTS 1.Roof catchment 2.Calculation of Volume of Runoff 3.Design of Rectangular Storage Tank 4.Design of Conduits 5.Design of Recharge Pit 10

DESIGN OF RWHS 1.Roof catchment: The area of the roof from which the rain water is collected. The total roof area of D block = 2351 m 2 11

12 ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MM ROOF PLAN

DESIGN OF RWHS Area of catchment = 2351 m 2 Annual average rainfall = 887 mm = 0.887m Runoff co-efficient = 0.85 Volume of runoff = area of catchment x annual average rainfall x runoff co-efficient = 2351 x x 0.85 = 1773 m 3 /yr 13 2.Calculation of Volume of Runoff:

DESIGN OF RWHS Average value of highest rainfall in rainy days = 94mm =0.094m Volume of Runoff = 2351 x x 0.85 = 188 m 3 /day For economical design considering half of the discharge as volume of tank Volume of tank = 94 m 3 14

DESIGN OF RWHS Assume depth of tank = 2m Area of tank = volume of the tank/depth = 94/2 = 47m 2 = 50m 2 (approx.) Taking Length: Breadth ratio as 2:1 L = 2B 2B x B = 50 B = 5m L = 10m 15 3.Design of Rectangular Storage Tank: ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN METERS Storage Tank

EXISTING PIPE DETAILS S.NoDiameter (mm) No of PipesLength of Pipe (m)

DESIGN OF RWHS Taking diameter of pipe = 110mm = 0.11m Average value of highest rainfall in rainy days = 94mm =0.094m Taking number of pipes = 10 Volume of water that can be discharged through 10 pipes = 2351×0.094×0.85 = 188 m 3 /day Volume of water that can be discharged through each pipe = 188/10 = 18.8m 3 /day = 2.17×10 -4 m 3 /sec 4.Design of Conduits:

DESIGN OF RWHS The recharge pit is designed for one third of discharge Volume of recharge pit = 62m 3 Assuming depth of recharge pit = 3m Area of the recharge pit = 62/3 = 20 m 2 Taking Length: Breadth ratio as 2:1 L = 2B 2B x B = 20 B = 3.2m L = 6.4m 18 5.Design of Recharge Pit: ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MM

RAINFALL DATA JanFeb MarAprMayJuneJulyAug SepOctNovDec

5.TIME SCHEDULE 20 S.NOACTIVITYDURATIONDATES RESCHEDULED DATES STATUS 1.LITERATURE REVIEW 6 WEEKS COMPLETED 2.DATA COLLECTION4 WEEKS COMPLETED 3.DESIGNING 9 WEEKS COMPLETED 4.COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS AND DOCUMENTATION 4 WEEKS UNDER PROGRESS 5IMPLEMENTATION4 WEEKS ONWARDS

WORKS TO BE COMPLETED Estimation and Costing Cost Benefit Analysis Documentation 21

6. APPLICATIONS To overcome the inadequacy of water to meet our demands. To arrest decline in ground water levels. To increase availability of ground water at specific place and time and utilize rainwater for sustainable development. To increase infiltration of rainwater in the subsoil which has decreased drastically in urban areas. To reduce the expenditure spent on water.

7. REFERENCES  ANIL AGARWAL (2013): Manual on Urban Rainwater Harvesting “Catch Water Where it Falls”  KIRAN. A, NIKHIL. T, R HARISH, J KULKARNI (2012): Harvested Rain Water for Drinking- Research Paper.  ROHITASHW KUMAR, THAMAN S, AGRAWAL G. and SHARMA POONAM(2011): Rain Water Harvesting and Ground Water Recharging in North Western Himalayan Region for Sustainable Agricultural Productivity- Research Paper.  RAMACHANDRAIAH, C. (2007). Hyderabad’s Water Issues and the Musi River, Need for Integrated Solutions. Draft version of the Paper presented in the International Water Confe-rence, Berlin during September  ACHAYRA, B. P. (2004). Managing Water Sector Institution - HMWSSB Experience (Presen-tation). Hyderabad Metropolitan Water Supply and Sewerage Board, Hyderabad.  SIVARAMAN, K.R. & THILLAIGOVINDARAJAN S.. (2003), Manual on Rainwater Har-vesting. Chennai, Akash Ganga.  ARIYABANDU R. D. S. (2003). Very-Low-Cost Domestic Roof Water Harvesting in theHu-mid Tropics: Its Role in Water Policy.Sri Lanka Domestic Roofwater Harvesting Research Pro-gramme.

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