CHEMISTRY Mrs. Huls

CHEMISTRY Elements CompoundsMixtures Atoms

Found in EVERYTHING! Very, very, very small particles

Parts of an Atom Nucleus  Proton (positive charge) +  Neutron (neutral or no charge) O Electron Cloud  Electron (negative charge) -

The Periodic Table of Elements 109 known elements Scientists are constantly learning more about elements

Periodic Table of Elements The elements are separated into 4 groups on the table. They are → metals → nonmetals → semi-metals → made artificially

Elements The 4 properties of all elements How it looks How it reacts with other elements How hard it is How it conducts electricity

Compounds 2 or more elements that chemically combine to form a chemical reaction

4 changes that show a Chemical Reaction  A color change  Heat or light is given off  A new solid substance is produced  A new gas is produced

Chemical Bonds A chemical bond is created every time a compound is created. There are two types of chemical bonds  Ionic Bonds – the electrons jump  Covalent Bonds – the electrons are shared

Mixtures A mixture is created when two or more substances undergo a physical change, not a chemical change. There are three types of mixtures.  Solutions  Suspensions  Colloids

pH An indicator is used to test the pH of a solution. The pH scale is from ACID → RED BASE → BLUE NEUTRAL→ 7 2 types of indicators – litmus paper & pH indicator strips