Nuclear Chemistry What’s going on here?. Sub-Atomic Particles  What are atoms made of?  name symbollocationmasscharge  Electrone - orbitalsnegligible*

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Nuclear Chemistry A Short Study.

Advertisements

Chapter 22 – Nuclear Chemistry

FISSION AND FUSION. SESSION INTRODUCTION Nuclear fusion powers the Sun (left) and could be a source of energy in the future (right). Images courtesy of.

Mini Quiz- Half Sheet H = 1.01 g/mol, O = g/mol S = g/mol, N = g/mol, I = g/mol 1.How many grams in 3.4 x molecules of H.

Nuclear Chemistry Bravo – 15,000 kilotons. CA Standards.

A nucleus can be specified By an atomic number and a Mass number.

Nuclear Chemistry Unstable Nuclei and Radioactive Decay.

Nuclear / Subatomic Physics Physics – Chapter 25 (Holt)

Atomic Symbols and Isotopes

Alpha, Beta, and Gamma Decay

The Nucleus. The nucleus of an atom contains two types of particles ProtonNeutron.

Learning Targets I can name the force that holds the atom’s nucleus together I can describe the two reasons why some isotopes are radioactive. I can describe.

1.Will not take any after next Tuesday 1/13 1.Define each of these terms: You may use your notes and they do not need to be in complete sentences  Energy.

Radioactive Decay Radioactive Decay. Radioactive Decay: Some unstable atoms try to regain stability by losing energy. They lose energy by emitting radiation.

Nuclear Physics. Nuclear Physics is the study of the atom. This is a larger part of modern physics study, however we will only look at basic energy exchanges.

1. Nucleons. Protons and neutrons 2. Nuclide

Isotopes and Nuclear Reactions

Nuclear Chemistry. Radioactive Decay Spontaneous breakdown of an atom’s nucleus Breakdown results in a lighter nucleus Emits electromagnetic radiation.

Nuclear Chemistry.

NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY QUIZ.

Nuclear Chemistry.

Atomic Stability. Isotopes Isotopes are atoms of an element that have different numbers of neutrons in their nucleus. Cu Copper – 63 OR Copper.

Chemistry Chapter 4 Notes #3 (Sec 4). Unstable Nuclei Nuclear Reactions Nuclear Reactions –Rxns that involve a change in the nucleus of an atom (most.

What is it to be Radioactive? Radioactive decay is the process in which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy by emitting radiation in the form of particles.

Chapter 9 Nuclear Chemistry. What is nuclear chemistry? Nuclear chemistry is all about what happens in the nucleus of an atom. In nuclear chemistry, neutrons.

Nuclear Power. Locations of Nuclear Power plants in the US.

Aim: Why do fission and fusion reactions release so much energy? Essential Questions : Compare and contrast nuclear fission with fusion. Distinguish between.

Basic Nuclear Chemistry. Line vs. Continuous Spectra.

Radiation. Atomic Anatomy Atoms –electrons (e-) –protons (p+) –neutrons (n)

Unit 12 – Nuclear Chemistry. Part II Key Terms Alpha decay – spontaneous decay of a nucleus that emits a helium nucleus and energy Beta decay – spontaneous.

Nuclear Chemistry THE NUCLEAR ATOM. Radioactivity Not all atoms are stable. Unstable atoms break down and give off energy to become more stable. These.

Nuclear Chemistry Isotopes-Review ► Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have the same # of protons but different # of neutrons or mass. X Atomic.

Chapter 3 Atomic Structure. The Structure Of the Atom Particle masschargelocation Proton1 AMU +1in nucleus Neutron 1 AMU 0in nucleus Electron 0 AMU -1.

PHYSICAL BACKGROUND ATOMIC STRUCTURE, NUCLEONS AND ACTIVITY

CHAPTER 22 Nuclear Chemistry

3-4 Changes in the Nucleus

Nuclear Radiation 9.2. The Nucleus Protons and neutrons Charge of electrons and protons – x C = e –Proton +e –Electron -e.

Radiation Radiation: The process of emitting energy in the form of waves or particles. Where does radiation come from? Radiation is generally produced.

Radioactive Decay Quick Review Atom made of 3 subatomic particles Protons (positive, inside nucleus) Protons (positive, inside nucleus) Electrons (negative,

Living By Chemistry SECOND EDITION Unit 1: ALCHEMY Matter, Atomic Structure, and Bonding.

Chapter 25 Nuclear Chemistry

Types of Radioactive Decay Kinetics of Decay Nuclear Transmutations

Nuclear Chemistry. Nuclear Chemistry looks at the number of protons and neutrons in an atom Radioactive Decay = Spontaneous disintegration of a nucleus.

Nuclear Chemistry. ATOMIC REVIEW: Atomic number = # of protons # of neutrons = mass # - atomic # protons & neutrons are in the nucleus.

Nuclear Reactions. Nuclear Symbols Element symbol Mass number (p + + n o ) Atomic number (number of p + )

Nuclear Chemistry Brown, LeMay Ch 21 AP Chemistry.

Nuclear Chemistry. Radioactivity The process by which materials give off such rays radioactivity; the rays and particles emitted by a radioactive source.

What is a nuclear reaction?

Nuclear Decay. Radioactivity The emission of high-energy radiation or particles from the nucleus of a radioactive atom.

Aim: Why do fission and fusion reactions release so much energy? Essential Questions : Compare and contrast nuclear fission with fusion. Distinguish between.

Integrated Science Mr. Danckers Chapter 10.

Honors Physics Chapter 25: Subatomic Physics.  Nucleons  Protons and Neutrons that Make Up the Nucleus  Atomic Number (Z)  # of Protons  Atomic Mass.

Radioactivity Elements that emit particles and energy from their nucleus are radioactive. Some large atoms are unstable and cannot keep their nucleus together.

Nuclear Stability and Decay 1500 different nuclei are known. Only 264 are stable and do not decay. The stability of a nucleus depends on its neutron-to-

Nuclear Chemistry. Review: Parts of the Atom Electron (-) Proton (+) Neutron.

Unstable Nuclei and Radioactive Decay. Radioactivity (Radioactive decay) The process by which some substances spontaneously emit radiation. Radioactive.

NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY Chapter 20. Nuclear Chemistry Radioactivity is the emission of subatomic particles or high- energy electromagnetic radiation by the.

Chapter 9.2 Nuclear Radiation.

Nuclear Stability Nuclear Changes

Nuclear Chemistry Physical Science.

14.4 Chemical vs. Nuclear Reactions

Nuclear Energy Atoms and Isotopes.

Bell Work: Radioactivity

Nuclear Chemistry: Radioactivity & Types of Radiation

Nuclear Chemistry Chapter 21.

Chapter 4 – The Structure of the Atom

Unit 4 – Nuclear Reactions

Unit 4 – Nuclear Reactions

Presentation transcript:

Nuclear Chemistry What’s going on here?

Sub-Atomic Particles  What are atoms made of?  name symbollocationmasscharge  Electrone - orbitalsnegligible* -  Protonp + nucleus 1 atomic mass unit +  Neutronn o nucleus 1* amu 0  What are protons & neutrons made of?  Quarks! up, down, strange, charm…

Elements & Isotopes  For every element, the atomic number is the number of protons (and electrons in an electrically neutral atom).  The mass number is the total number of nucleons (protons & neutrons) in the nucleus.  Atoms (of the same element) that have different numbers of neutrons are called isotopes.  Isotopes are named by there mass number. (carbon-14)

Radioactivity – a hot topic!  Isotopes with too many (or too few) neutrons are unstable. (The further from the atomic weight, the more unstable.)  To become stable, they give off radiation in process called radioactive decay.  Radioactive decay changes the mass number and/or the atomic number until the atom reaches a more stable isotope.  Radioactive decay also releases energy in the form of radiation. (alpha, beta & gamma…)

Nuclear Radiation – It’s hot!  Name symbolcomposition penetration/damage  Alpha  2p + & 2n o low / high  Beta  e - medium  Gamma  EMR (high f light)high / low  Positron*e + anti matter!!!medium

Nuclear Reactions – You’re hot!  Decay – spontaneous breakdown of unstable nuclii  Step by step trip to stability  most stable isotope  Extra protons  beta decay (increases atomic number)  Extra neutrons  alpha decay (decreases Mass# & atomic #)  Characterised by a unique rate of decay  half-life  Fission – splitting heavy nuclii  Nuclear reactors & atomic bombs, dangerous waste  Fusion – joining light nuclii  Stars & H (hydrogen) bombs, requires ultra-high P & T