PROLOGUE READ P.1-17 HW  C&C P.6, #2,4 C&C P.14, #2,3,4,5 C&C P.17, #1,2 (*WRITE QUESTION W/ANSWER*)

 BIOLOGY  THE STUDY OF LIFE, MOLECULAR BASIS OF LIFE (DNA)  BIOETHICS  THE IDEA OF RIGHT OR WRONG IN BIOLOGY  EXAMPLES  STEM CELLS, CLONING, AIDS MEDICINES, USE OF GROWTH HORMONE WELCOME TO BIOLOGY

 PRODUCED BY THE PITUITARY GLAND, REGULATES GROWTH (ALONG WITH HEREDITY)  MOVES THROUGH THE BLOODSTREAM WHEN NATURAL  CAN BE MADE SYNTHETICALLY THROUGH GENETIC ENGINEERING (DEFINED AS MANIPULATING GENETIC MATERIAL, EITHER DNA OR RNA)  SEE ACTIVITY ON P WHICH IS OUR FIRST LAB/GROUP WORK WITH A LAB PARTNER**  (*YOU WILL PICK A DIFFERENT LAB PARTNER EACH MARKING PERIOD*) GROWTH HORMONE (GH)

1. PROBLEM A QUESTION TO SOLVE 2. HYPOTHESIS  A TESTABLE QUESTION ABOUT OBSERVATIONS  USUALLY IN IF…THEN FORMAT SCIENTIFIC PROBLEM SOLVING (THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD)

3. EXPERIMENT  USE OF A CONTROL GROUP (CONTROL), EXPERIMENTAL GROUP, AND VARIABLESTO TEST A HYPOTHESIS  OBSERVATIONS THAT ARE MADE CAN BE QUANTITATIVE (USING MEASUREMENTS) OR  QUALITATIVE (USING THE SENSES)  (CHECK OUT DEMO EXAMPLE WITH PHENOL RED AND LIMEWATER)  PHENOL RED  ACID INDICATOR  LIMEWATER  CO 2 INDICATOR SCIENTIFIC PROBLEM SOLVING (THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD)

4. CONCLUSION  SUMMARIZE RESULTS, COMPARE TO HYPOTHESIS 5. THEORY  SUPPORTED BY MANY OBSERVATIONS  USED TO EXPLAIN HYPOTHESES AND EXPERIMENTS  EXAMPLES  EVOLUTION, CELL, PLATE TECTONIC, BIG BANG SCIENTIFIC PROBLEM SOLVING (THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD)

 BASED ON THE ASSUMPTION THAT THE NATURAL WORLD CAN BE INVESTIGATED AND EXPLAINED IN TERMS WE CAN UNDERSTAND  BASED ON THE RESULTS OF OBSERVATIONS AND CONTROLLED EXPERIMENTS  THE RESULTS OF THESE OBSERVATIONS AND EXPERIMENTS MUST BE REPEATABLE AND VERIFIABLE BY OTHER SCIENTISTS  THE FINDINGS OF SCIENCE MUST BE REPEATABLE (MEANING A HYPOTHESIS NOT SUPPORTED BY EVIDENCE AND OBSERVATIONS MUST BE ADJUSTED OR MODIFIED) CHARACTERISTICS OF SCIENCE

3 MAIN SCIENTISTS A. JEAN BAPTISTE DE LAMARCK   ORGANISMS CAN CHANGE BODY PARTS OVER THEIR LIFETIME AND PASS CHANGES ON TO THEIR OFFSPRING  KNOWN AS THE LAW/THEORY OF USE AND DISUSE AND LAW/THEORY OF INHERITANCE OF ACQUIRED CHARACTERISTICS  THE GIRAFFE WAS HIS EXAMPLE THE THEORY OF EVOLUTION

3 MAIN SCIENTISTS B. CHARLES DARWIN  OBSERVED A VARIETY OF ORGANISMS DURING A 5 YEAR TRIP AROUND THE WORLD  EXAMPLES ARE THE FINCHES ON THE GALAPAGOS ISLANDS  SUPPORTED BY FOSSIL EVIDENCE  SAID CHANGES TO ORGANISMS OCCUR GRADUALLY OVER MANY GENERATIONS (DUE TO GENETIC MUTATION WHICH HE DID NOT KNOW AT THE TIME) THE THEORY OF EVOLUTION

DARWIN’S THEORY OF NATURAL SELECTION  THERE IS AN OVERPRODUCTION OF ORGANISMS THAT MAKE UP A SPECIES AS NOT ALL SURVIVE. (A SPECIES IS A GROUP OF ORGANISMS THAT PRODUCE FERTILE OFFSPRING UNDER NATURAL CONDITIONS)  VARIATIONS EXIST WITHIN ANY POPULATION OF ORGANISMS  THOSE ORGANISMS WITH VARIATIONS BEST SUITED TO THEIR ENVIRONMENT (CHARACTERISTICS CALLED ADAPTATIONS) SURVIVE TO REPRODUCE ORGANISMS WITH THOSE ADAPTATIONS  ONLY CERTAIN ORGANISMS LIVE TO REPRODUCE DUE TO THEIR STRUGGLE TO SURVIVE (KNOWN AS SURVIVAL OF THE FITTEST)  OVER A GRADUAL PERIOD OF TIME, A NEW SPECIES CAN DEVELOP FROM AN EXISTING SPECIES THE THEORY OF EVOLUTION

3 MAIN SCIENTISTS C. THOMAS MALTHUS  THERE IS A COMPETITION AMONG SPECIES TO SURVIVE (FOOD)  (# OF ORGANISMS SHOWS A GEOMETRIC PROGRESSION  1,2,4,8,16 WHILE AVAILABLE FOOD SHOWS AN ARITHMETIC PROGRESSION  1,2,3,4,) THE THEORY OF EVOLUTION

MALTHUSIAN PRINCIPLE

 33 TOTAL POINTS  # CORRECT OVER 33 IS YOUR TEST GRADE  24 MULTIPLE CHOICE  5 FILL INS (VOCAB, IN NOTES)  2 SHORT ANSWER (2 PTS. EACH)  1 BONUS SHORT ANSWER (2 PTS.)  REVIEW TEXTBOOK p.1-17, HW QUESTIONS, NOTES OUTLINE (INCLUDING HANDOUTS)  HELPFUL YOUTUBE VIDEOS: (BOZEMAN SCIENCE, CRASH COURSE BIOLOGY)  CONCEPT MAPPING  SEE BOARD PROLOGUE TEST FORMAT

1.SHAPE OF THE FOSSIL SKULL 2.UNDERWATER 3.FOSSIL LEG BONES/FEET 4.EVOLVED/DISAPPEARED 5.MAMMALS UP AND DOWN, FISH SIDE TO SIDE 6.GENETIC MUTATION, FOSSIL EVIDENCE, MILLIONS OF YEARS WHALE OF A TALE HW ASSIGN.

1.D 2.B 3.B 4.B 5.A 6.C 7.C 8.C 9.C 10.A 11.D 12.B 13.C 14.B 15.B EVOLUTION REVIEW MC QUES.

1. COEVOLUTION-THE CHANGE IN 2 OR MORE SPECIES IN CLOSE ASSOCIATION.  EXAMPLE-BATS AND FLOWERS (BATS EAT FRUIT AND FLOWERS NEED TO BE POLLINATED) 2. CONVERGENT EVOLUTION-ORGANISMS THAT APPEAR SIMILAR BUT ARE NOT  FLIPPERS/FINS  EXAMPLE-SHARKS AND PORPOISES (FISH  GILLS)(MAMMALS  LUNGS) 3. DIVERGENT EVOLUTION-2 OR MORE CLOSELY RELATED ORGANISMS THAT BECOME MORE AND MORE DISSIMILAR.  EXAMPLE-RED FOX AND KIT FOX (DECIDUOUS FOREST/ DESERT) 4. ADAPTIVE RADIATION-A TYPE OF DIVERGENT EVOLUTION WHERE MANY SPECIES EVOLVE FROM A SINGLE ANCESTOR  EXAMPLE-DARWIN’S FINCHES (1 EVOLVED INTO 13 DIFFERENT SPECIES) PATTERNS OF EVOLUTION