American Power Tips the Balance. American Mobilization Needed to build up armed forces Only 200,000 soldiers Old weapons 55 small planes 130 pilots.

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Presentation transcript:

American Power Tips the Balance

American Mobilization Needed to build up armed forces Only 200,000 soldiers Old weapons 55 small planes 130 pilots

Mobilization Selective Service Act passed in May million drafted 2 million reached Europe

Mobilization Women Served as nurses, secretaries and phone operators

Mobilization Blacks served in segregated units Excluded from navy and marines Army trained black officers for the 1 st time

American Success in Combat Hard to get troops to Europe BY 1917-U-Boats had sunk twice as much ship tonnage as the Allies built U.S. began building more ships Draft reduced number of skilled ship builders –Exempted shipyard workers from draft –Emphasized importance of shipyard work –Used fabrication –Converted civilian ships to war ships

Breaking the Blockade Convoy system Submarine chasers Airplanes

A Submarine Chaser

Breaking the Blockade U.S. helped lay underwater mines in the North Sea U-Boats no longer a threat by 1918 U-Boats destroyed- hard to replace

Fighting in Europe American troops were fresh

Fighting in Europe John J. Pershing- General in charge of U.S. forces in Europe Aggressive

The Tide Turns Russia out of War by 1918 Germans now focusing on France 50 miles from Paris by May 1918

The Tide Turns By October 1918, the tide had turned against the Central Powers due to American help

Weapons of WWI

Big Bertha German Could shoot a 1,800 pound shell 75 miles

Zeppelins Gas filled air ship Enabled Germans to drop bombs on English cities Easy to shoot down

Machine Guns 600 rounds/minute

Poison Gas First used in 1915 Gas masks became standard equipment

Victim of Poison Gas

Mechanized Warfare Warfare that relies on machines powered by gasoline or diesel engines

Mechanized Warfare Tanks- built from steel Bullets bounce off First used by British in 1916-Battle of the Somme Airplanes- flimsy- limited to scouting at first Early gunfights resembled duels Eventually got faster and able to carry heavier bombs

WWI Airplanes

Medical Care Filth, lice, rats, polluted water Stench of gas and decaying bodies Suffered from lack of sleep Shell shock

Collapse of Germany November 3, German Grand Fleet ordered to sea Sailors and marines refused Mutiny spread November 9-People of Berlin rebel Proclaimed a German Republic Kaiser abdicates November 11, 1918 and 11AM-Fighting stops

The numbers 30 nations involved 26 million dead-half civilians 20 million wounded Cost $350 billion