University of Utah 1 Web Browsers WorldWideWeb -First one, by Tim Berners-Lee
University of Utah 2 Web Browsers Viola (1991) -first “popular” graphical browser
University of Utah 3 Web Browsers Viola (1991) -first “popular” graphical browser -but it didn’t start as a web browser!
University of Utah 4 Hypercard Inspiration for Viola First popular “hypertext” program Included with MacOS 6 (1987)
University of Utah 5 Mosaic Marc Andreessen and Eric Bina University of Illinois NCSA -“National Center for Supercomputing Applications” First cross-platform graphical browser (1993)
University of Utah 6 Mosaic Commercialization? -University of Illinois says “No.” Marc Andreessen leaves NCSA -founds Netscape with Jim Clark (1994)
University of Utah 7 Lesson Learned Technology is valuable But the people who create that technology are even more valuable. -Think EDVAC!
University of Utah 8 Netscape Netscape Navigator 1.0 (1994) More features than Mosaic -better rendering engine -multithreaded loading Becomes most popular browser
University of Utah 9 Netscape Netscape Navigator 2 (1996) -adds an client -adds JavaScript support
University of Utah Netscape Netscape Navigator 2 (1996) -adds an client -adds JavaScript support Netscape Communicator 4 (1997) -still most popular browser, but trouble is on the horizon...
University of Utah Spyglass Spyglass, Inc. (1990) -commercialization arm of NCSA -handles commercial distribution of Mosaic
University of Utah Microsoft Build or buy? Microsoft licenses Mosaic code from Spyglass, Inc. -Basis of Internet Explorer
University of Utah Microsoft Build or buy? Microsoft licenses Mosaic code from Spyglass, Inc. -Basis of Internet Explorer Irony!
University of Utah Internet Explorer Version 1.0 (1995) Included as part of “Windows 95 Plus!” -No tables or graphics
University of Utah Internet Explorer Version 2.0 (1995) -JavaScript, frames, cookies...
University of Utah Internet Explorer Version 3.0 (1996) -At last, serious competition to Netscape! -Bundled with later versions of Windows 95
University of Utah Internet Explorer Version 4.0 (1997) -Bundled with Windows 98 -Integrated into operating system
University of Utah Editorial Commentary IE 3 was beginning of end for Netscape -How do you compete with something that is bundled with OS?
University of Utah Editorial Commentary Spyglass License -Microsoft pays Spyglass royalties for “non- Windows” sales of IE -Not a good deal for Spyglass...
University of Utah Browser Wars Netscape and IE try to out-do each other on features -era of unstable, buggy products
University of Utah Mozilla Netscape 4.x code is quirky and hard to maintain Makes “version 5” open source (1998) -Mozilla Foundation
University of Utah A Twist AOL acquires Netscape (1998) -Why?
University of Utah Mozilla Open source NOT a cure-all Mozilla project stretches on for 4 years with little visible progress -“feature creep”
University of Utah Mozilla Open source NOT a cure-all Mozilla project stretches on for 4 years with little visible progress -“feature creep” AOL gets impatient!
University of Utah Netscape 6 AOL wants to release something (2000) Awful. -Based on Mozilla 0.6 Further eroded Netscape’s market share
University of Utah Netscape 7 Finally, a nice browser! (2002) -Based on Mozilla 1.0 But by then it was too late...
University of Utah Market Share
University of Utah Aftermath A time of stagnation -Netscape 4.7 (1999 – 2002) -IE 5 (1999 – 2001) -IE 6 ( )
University of Utah Firefox Dave Hyatt and Blake Ross created a small browser from Mozilla codebase (2003) -Phoenix -Firebird -Firefox
University of Utah Browser Wars continue Part I -Netscape vs Internet Explorer Part II -Firefox vs Internet Explorer
University of Utah Administrative Sign up for presentations Re-screening
University of Utah “Test Question” On a scrap of paper, write a question that encapsulates one of the points from today's class, and turn it in. (Put your name on it!)