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What was Reconstruction?

Period after Civil War – bring South back into the Union

President who led Reconstruction after Lincoln

Andrew Johnson

Laws that restricted freedoms of African- Americans

Black Codes

Group in Congress that wanted strong federal role in Reconstruction

Radical Republicans

Groups that fought Radical Reconstruction in the South

1.Democratic Party 2.Ku Klux Klan 3.White League

Put South under military rule, denied ex-CSA voting rights

Reconstruction Acts of 1867

First African- American in U.S. Senate

Hiram Revels

Name the 3 Reconstruction constitutional amendments

13 th – all slaves are FREE 14 th – all natural- born are CITIZENS 15 th – all men can VOTE

Name the 3 Reconstruction land acts

Homestead Act – free western land for settlers Morrill Act – A&M colleges Dawes Act – gave Natives farm land

How did Reconstruction Era end?

African- Americans lost many rights – 100 years of “Jim Crow”

Belief that America was destined to expand west to the Pacific

Manifest Destiny

President Polk added this by treaty with Britain in 1846

Oregon

Annexed as the 28 th state in 1845

Texas

Conflict caused by dispute over Texas boundary

Mexican War

Treaty that officially ended the Mexican War

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

Religious group that migrated to Utah in 1846

Mormons

Immigrants who fled the Potato Famine in their home country

Irish

Territory ceded to U.S. after the Mexican War

Mexican Cession – CANCUN+W

Nickname for people who migrated during the Gold Rush

“Forty-niners”

Population boom allowed this to become a state in 1850

California

Main product of the South’s economy

cotton

Economic activity that was much larger in the North

Manufacturing

Law that allowed free slaves in the North to be recaptured

Fugitive Slave Act of 1850

Novel that portrayed slavery as cruel and un- Christian

Uncle Tom’s Cabin

Slave who sued for his freedom in Supreme Court

Dred Scott

Won the presidential election of 1860

Abraham Lincoln

Key issues dividing the country through the 1850s

1.Federal vs. state power (federalism) 2.Expansion of slavery westward

Name the two main outcomes of Dred Scott v. Sandford

1.Slaves are not citizens 2.Congress can’t limit slavery

First state to secede from the Union

South Carolina

Who was chosen to be president of the Confederacy?

Jefferson Davis

Site of the first battle of the Civil War

Fort Sumter, SC

Commander of the Confederate army

General Robert E. Lee

What was the goal of the Anaconda Plan?

“Squeeze” the Southern economy so they couldn’t keep fighting

Name two advantages the South had in the war

1.Fighting on home turf 2.Highly motivated 3.Better military leaders

Name two advantages the North had in the war

1.Bigger population 2.Better logistics – railroads, industry 3.Better political leadership from Lincoln

How did the Emancipation Proclamation affect the war?

1.African- Americans joined the Union military 2.Slaves left the plantations

Major Confederate defeat that turned the war for the Union

Battle of Gettysburg

Named commander of the Union army in March 1864

General Ulysses S. Grant

Site of General Lee’s surrender to General Grant

Appomattox Court House, VA

Why was the Battle of Vicksburg an important Union victory?

Union now controlled the Mississippi River

Site where gold was discovered in California

Sutter’s Mill

Staged a failed slave revolt at Harper’s Ferry, VA in 1859

John Brown

Reason for the first expeditions on the Oregon Trail

Missionary work

Led the Mormon Migration to Salt Lake City, UT

Brigham Young

Civil War nurse who later founded the Red Cross

Clara Barton

Name three complete states that came from the Mexican Cession

CA, UT, NV

What did Lincoln say in his 1 st Inaugural Address?

South’s secession was illegal

Name two weapons innovations that led to high casualties in the Civil War

1.Rifled musket barrel 2.Minie ball bullet

Name two of these dates: a.Civil War begins b.Civil War ends c.Lincoln assassinated

a.April 12, 1861 b.April 9, 1865 c.April 14, 1865

“With malice towards none, with charity for all” comes from …?

Lincoln’s 2 nd Inaugural Address