Traveling Westward

Introduction Traveling West o Why move westward o How? Conclusion

Bellwork Why would someone want to move into the newly acquired western territories.

Westward Expansion Who? How? Why?

Who Commercial Farmers Plantation Farmers Native Americans Empresario Mormons 49ers

Who?Where to?Why? Commercial Farmers (p ) Plantation Farmers (p 256 – 262) Native Americans (p. 259 – 261) Empresario (p. 387) Mormons (p ) California Gold Rushers (49ers) (p.401 – 404)

How? Routes: o Roads o Waterways o Canal o Wagon o Rail Road o Steamboat o Train

How - Road

How - Train

How - Canal

How - Trails Travel Via Sea o Ships would travel around the tip of South America to West Coast Land routes o Between approx. 300,000 made the journey California = 200,000 Oregon = 53,000 Utah = 30,000 o Length of trip 4-6 months o Cost of Transportation $400 for wagon and gear o Death rate of journey 5%

How - Trail

April, 1846 – April, 1847 Dangers of the Trail: The Donner Party

Donner Party James Reed & Wife Margaret Patrick John Breen Breen Breen  Of the 83 members of the Donner Party, only 45 survived to get to California!

Check Up! List the major routes people are taking to travel westward.

Why Westward? Religion o Mormons

Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (Mormon Church) Foundation o Joseph Smith o Published Book of Mormon in 1830 o Eventually settled with many followers in Illinois

Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (Mormon Church) Foundation o Joseph Smith o Published Book of Mormon in 1830 o Eventually settled with many followers in Illinois o In 1844 Smith was jailed and then murdered by a mob

Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (Mormon Church) New leader o Brigham Young Goal: Freedom from religious persecution Migration to Utah began in 1847 By ,000 settlers had migrated to Utah Utah became a state in 1896

Why Westward? Religion o Mormons Free Land

Donation Land Claim Act 1850 Free land in Oregon Country o White, male citizens over 18 could receive 320 acres of land o Married couples 640 acres o Land had to be occupied for four years and improved o 2.5 million acres were given out to 7,000 people

The Oregon Trail – Albert Bierstadt, 1869

The Oregon Trail – Game

Why Westward? Religion o Mormons Free Land Gold

California Gold Rush 1848 – Gold discovered outside of Sacramento Population explosion o 1848 – 14,000 o 1852 – 225,000

California Gold Rush Prospectors initially worked alone o 49ers could earn $50 day Two months wages in a northern factory 95% of prospectors were male Prospectors came from all over the World o Mid-1850s = 20% of prospectors were from China

Check Up! How did manifest destiny change the United States?

Match the corresponding who, where and why Who? 1.Commercial Farmers 2. Plantation Farmers 3. Native Americans 4. Empresario 5. Mormons 6. 49ers Where to? A.Old Southwest (Louisiana, Miss., Al.) B. Utah C. California D. Old Northwest (Mich., Il, Mich., Wis., Ohio) and Oregon E. Texas F. Oklahoma Territory Why? U. Religious freedom V. Free land granted by Mexican government W. Gold and booming economy X. Grow cotton with slave labor Y. Grow surplus food for profit Z. Indian Removal Act

Links Brigham Young Gold Rush Oregon Trail Oregon Trail (National Park Service) Oregon Trail (National Park Service)

Source e.com/history/lecturep oints/index.html e.com/history/lecturep oints/index.html