Mrs Morgan Biology

 The brain communicates with the different parts of the body to make it move.  The body communicates with the brain to keep the body in homeostasis.  The bodies interactions with the environment are communicated to the brain.

 The hypothalamus is located in the brain.  The hypothalamus gland does most of the work to keep the body in homeostasis.  The hypothalamus controls the endocrine system which regulates hormones  These hormones regulate:  Hunger  Thirst  Emotions  Body Temperature  Fatigue  And many more

 Positive feedback loops  A hormone is released to speed up a process.  Example: a mother producing breast milk. As a mother begins to breast feed, she produces a hormone that makes the milk come out faster.  Negative feedback loops  A hormone is released that will slow down a process  Hormones can regulate enzyme production meaning it changes how fast processes are happening in your body.  Examples: Blood glucose regulation

 The main function of the nervous system is to send signals to other parts of the body  How do we send these signals to make the body do what we want?  Hormones  Neural signaling (The neurons send signals to the body part it wants to change)

The transmission of a nerve impulse along a neuron from one end to the other occurs as a result of chemical changes across the membrane of the Neuron..

 Sensory neurons are the nerves which transmit the external stimulus from the external structures to the brain as chemical impulses, which are the senses like touch, hearing, taste, vision.. etc.

 Motor neurons pass their impulses to muscle cells.  The location at which a neuron can transfer an impulse to another cell is a called a synapse.  Neurotransmitters are chemicals used by a neuron to transmit an impulse

The brain relays messages to the entire body. It processes information and helps you analyze what you see feel and think. The brain has four major lobes. Each lobe provides a different function. Frontal Lobe- Parietal lobe- Occipital lobe- Temporal lobe-

 Somatic Nervous system  Regulates activities that are under conscious control  If you can think about it and do it then it is somatic  Examples include: running, jumping, tapping your fingers  Autonomic Nervous system  Regulates activities that are automatic or involuntary.  These are activities that you can not control.  Examples include: heart rate, secretion of enzymes, digestions of food, bladder control

 The five main sections of the brain are:  Cerebrum-largest part/conscious activity in the body/intelligence, learning, judgment  Cerebellum- located at back of the skull/ coordinates muscles so body can move gracefully  Brain Stem-connects brain and spinal cord/regulates flow of information between brain and body  Thalamus-receives messages from all of the sensory receptors in the and relays the messages to the proper places in the brain  Hypothalamus- control center for recognition of hunger, thirst body temp etc.