Foreign Policy and National Defense Chapter 17

NATIONAL SECURITY Section 2

Defense Department Civilian Control – Founders knew that existence of the military in wrong hands could endanger the government. – Civilians – President, Secretary of Defense, and Congress control the military Secretary of Defense – Heads defense department – cannot have been active duty military for at least 10 years. – Advises president and heads of defense department. Joint Chiefs of Staff – Heads of each branch of the military.

The Military Departments Department of the Army – Ground based force responsible for military operations on land (defend and conquer). Regular Army, Army National Guard, Army Reserve Department of the Navy – Water based forces responsible for sea warfare and amphibious land invasions. Regular Navy, Navy Reserves, U.S. Marine Corps Department of the Air Force – Responsible for military air and aerospace operations. Regular Air Force, Air National Guard, Air Force Reserves

National Intelligence Director of National Intelligence – Oversees the operations of 16 separate agencies that make up the federal intelligence community – Directs the National Counterterrorism Center Integrates foreign, military, and domestic intelligence in defense of U.S. and interests abroad. – CIA, FBI, National Geospacial Agency, NSA

Homeland Security Protecting the U.S. against terrorism Coordinates and directs anti-terrorist activities – Border and transportation security – Infrastructure protection – Emergency preparedness and response – Chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear defense – Intelligence analysis Agencies include: – Secret Service, ICE, U.S. Coast Guard, TSA, FEMA