Aircraft Certification and Operational Approval D. J. Hawkes Chairman JAA CNS/ATM Steering Group Luxembourg 2001 oint Aviation Authorities EUROCONTROL RNAV in Terminal Airspace Workshop

EUROCONTROL oint Aviation Authorities 2 Key Objectives Meeting the requirements Meeting implementation schedules Obtaining approval to fly RNAV

RNAV in Terminal Airspace Workshop EUROCONTROL oint Aviation Authorities 3 Key Milestones Approval to operate European RNAV routes

RNAV in Terminal Airspace Workshop EUROCONTROL oint Aviation Authorities 4 Key Milestones Certification of aircraft modifications Approval to operate European RNAV routes

RNAV in Terminal Airspace Workshop EUROCONTROL oint Aviation Authorities 5....which Authority ? Key Milestones Approval of equipment Certification of aircraft modifications Approval to operate European RNAV routes

RNAV in Terminal Airspace Workshop EUROCONTROL oint Aviation Authorities 6 The Joint Aviation Authorities The JAA is a European organisation operating from its headquarters in the Netherlands. Under the terms of an Arrangements Document agreed by the 33 member states, common requirements are adopted and applied for aircraft operational approval airworthiness certification aircraft maintenance, and personnel licensing.

RNAV in Terminal Airspace Workshop EUROCONTROL oint Aviation Authorities 7 National authorities are responsible for implementing JAA requirements and decisions. JAA is for: airspace policy implementation schedules air traffic services airport regulation military aircraft non-European carriers JAA is for: airspace policy implementation schedules air traffic services airport regulation military aircraft non-European carriers No separate legal identity outside the Netherlands. Requirements and decisions not legally binding on members. not responsible

January 2001 Croatia EU UK France Germany Netherlands Belgium Portugal Greece Luxembourg Austria Sweden Ireland Denmark Italy Spain ICAO (EUR/NAT) Russian Federation San Marino Azerbaijan Belarus Georgia Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Tajikistan Turkmenstan Uzbekistan Bosnia & Herzegovina Latvia ECAC Lithuania Estonia ArmeniaAlbaniaUkraine Finland Poland Iceland 2 JAA The former Yugoslavian Republic of Macedonia Norway Hungary Turkey Bulgaria EUROCONTROL Slovenia Romania Moldova Monaco Cyprus Malta Switzerland Slovak Republic Czech Republic NATO 1 1 NATO includes USA and Canada. 2 Iceland is in ICAO NAT Region.

RNAV in Terminal Airspace Workshop EUROCONTROL oint Aviation Authorities 9 Operational Requirements  JAR OPS-1 sets operational requirements which apply only to aeroplanes used for commercial air transportation where the principal place of business of the operator is in a JAA member state.  JAR OPS-3 applies to helicopters.

RNAV in Terminal Airspace Workshop EUROCONTROL oint Aviation Authorities 10 Airworthiness Requirements  JAA airworthiness requirements (JAR-25, etc.) apply only to civil aircraft registered in a JAA member state.  For general aviation, national regulations and procedures apply, pending development of appropriate JAA requirements.

RNAV in Terminal Airspace Workshop EUROCONTROL oint Aviation Authorities 11 Operators from Non JAA States Will need to satisfy European airspace RNAV standards Must apply to their own national Authority for approval Authorities of Non JAA States may adopt JAA certification and operational material or publish equivalent standards.

RNAV in Terminal Airspace Workshop EUROCONTROL oint Aviation Authorities 12 JAA Guidance Leaflets TGL No. 2 rev 1: Basic RNAV TGL No. 3 rev 1: GPS TGL No. 9: Database Assurance TGL No. 10: Precision RNAV JAA

RNAV in Terminal Airspace Workshop EUROCONTROL oint Aviation Authorities 13 Guidance Material in Preparation  RNAV Approach  RNP-RNAV  RNP-10  Reduced Longitudinal Separation

RNAV in Terminal Airspace Workshop EUROCONTROL oint Aviation Authorities 14 Basic RNAV JAA TGL 2 rev 1 Not intended for Terminal Airspace other than entry and exit. A simple standard for en-route navigation giving +/- 5NM lateral accuracy Not compatible with complex procedures Cockpit integration often very basic Not compatible with high crew workload Navigation database integrity an issue

RNAV in Terminal Airspace Workshop EUROCONTROL oint Aviation Authorities 15 Precision RNAV JAA TGL 10 An interim step towards the full ICAO RNP standard but relaxed to allow many existing aircraft to be accepted with minimum modification. P-RNAV is applicable to Terminal Airspace including departures, arrivals, and approaches up to the point of the Final Approach Waypoint.

RNAV in Terminal Airspace Workshop EUROCONTROL oint Aviation Authorities 16 Precision RNAV Lateral track keeping accuracy is +/- 1NM Compatible with design criteria for airspace procedures and expected crew workload. Certification criteria is based on a total of 17 Assumptions about the operating environment that the airspace authorities will need to address.

RNAV in Terminal Airspace Workshop EUROCONTROL oint Aviation Authorities 17 P-RNAV Assumptions TGL 10 Section 4 Airspace procedures satisfy PANS OPS and follow the guidelines of EUROCONTROL document NAV.ET1.ST10 ‘Guidance Material for the Design of Procedures for DME/DME and GNSS Area Navigation’. The need to carry dual P-RNAV systems is identified in the AIP for terminal P-RNAV procedures with particular hazards. RT phraseology for P-RNAV is promulgated. Three (of the 17) important assumptions:

RNAV in Terminal Airspace Workshop EUROCONTROL oint Aviation Authorities 18 Experience: Aircraft Equipage Aircraft operators under-estimate the availability of equipment and installation service bulletins, the available capacity in modification centres, and the time needed to complete the approval processes. “ A view in the mirror is not always good. ” Zen

How long can it take ? Problem recognised Solution proposed Statement of intent 1

How long can it take ? Problem recognised Solution proposed Statement of intent Proof of concept Years elapsed Consultation and planning 1 3+ Go Decision Safety studies Regulations prepared: JAA, FAA, ATS Regulations prepared: JAA, FAA, ATS Standardisation: ICAO, EUROCAE Standardisation: ICAO, EUROCAE

How long can it take ? Years elapsed 1 3+ Implementation Preparation by aircraft operators and ATS Certification & operational approval Commercial arrangements Equipment procurement and Modifications Training Go Decision

How long can it take ? Problem recognised Solution proposed Statement of intent Proof of concept Years elapsed Consultation 1 3+ Go Decision Safety studies Regulations Standardisation Implementation Preparation by aircraft operators and ATS Certification & operational approval Commercial arrangements Equipment procurement and Modifications Training 7 Go Decision

RNAV in Terminal Airspace Workshop EUROCONTROL oint Aviation Authorities 23 Next step? Following that first important step of B-RNAV we now have the opportunity to introduce P-RNAV as the next step towards full RNP-RNAV operations.

RNAV in Terminal Airspace Workshop EUROCONTROL oint Aviation Authorities 24 Conclusion If we are to enjoy the full benefits that RNAV can bring, the air traffic services and the aircraft operators should be planning and preparing NOW !

Cautionary Note  Any views expressed in this presentation, or references made to publications, should not be interpreted as being the current policies of any national authority. Readers are advised to consult the latest publications of national authorities for information on applicable policies, requirements and guidance material.  Enquiries relating to the certification of aircraft systems, or to operational approvals, should be made to the applicant’s own national authority.

RNAV in Terminal Airspace Workshop EUROCONTROL oint Aviation Authorities 26 Obtaining Information: useful Web Sites  JAA  JAA Publisher  EUROCAE  EUROCONTROL   and   and

oint Aviation Authorities