The History of the Cell The Properties of Life Biology Department Hampton High School SOL BIO 2a Biology Department Hampton High School SOL BIO 2a.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
INTRODUCTION TO CELLS.
Advertisements

Cell Theory and Prokaryote vs. Eukaryote
Cell Theory and Prokaryote vs. Eukaryote
11/22/10 DO NOW: Why do you think cells weren’t discovered until 1665? What invention do you think made their discovery possible? Do you think people can.
Cell Theory and Prokaryote vs. Eukaryote. What is a Cell?  Cell – Basic unit of living things. Organisms are either:  Unicellular – made of one cell.
TEACHER NOTES  This PPT was revised June 6,  This PPT is to be used as an Introduction to Cells in Semester 1 in the Energy Conversion Unit. This.
7-1 Cell Theory Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes
INTRODUCTION TO CELLS Life is cellular.
Ms. Mezzetti Lynn English High School Science Department.
copyright cmassengale
What Does it Mean to Be Alive?
 A cell is the basic unit of life.  The development and enhancement of microscopes made the observation and description of microscopic organisms and.
INTRODUCTION TO CELLS. Robert Hooke naturalist, philosopher, inventor, architect.... (July 18, March 3, 1703) He was the first person to use the.
What is Life?. A “little” history… theory.
Cells and Cell Organelles. History Anton Van Leeuwenhoek The microscope was invented by Anton Van Leeuwenhoek, a Dutch biologist in the early 1600’s.
What is biology? Biology is the study of living things (organisms).
Cells: The Building Blocks of Life What is Life?.
 All living things are made up of one (unicellular) or more cells (multicellular). › Cell - smallest unit capable of performing all life’s processes.
Chapter 1: The Science of Life. Biology – The study of life Organism – A living thing; anything that can carry out life processes independently Branches.
INTRODUCTION TO CELLS. History of the Cell ________________ _____________________, 1674 _______________, 1838 ______________, 1839 _______________, 1855.
Warm Up Monday, September 16, 2013 ***New Week: Start on new side of sheet*** List two things you already know about cells.
1 Study of Biology The study of all living things Living things are called organisms Bacteria, protists, fungi, plants, & animals.
Scientists, Cell Theory and Prokaryote vs. Eukaryote.
Cells and Cell Organelles
The History of the Cell The Properties of Life Biology Department Hampton High School SOL BIO 2a Biology Department Hampton High School SOL BIO 2a.
Cells: Basic Unit of Life Part 1 Moss Cells Blood Cell Cheek Cells Onion Cells.
Monday 9/14/2015 Agenda: Introduction to Cells and Cell Parts Notes: Cell Discovery and Cell Theory Activity: Brain Pop with Worksheet Homework: No Homework.
Collins I 5 lines Explain five characteristics that all living things share Explain five characteristics that all living things share –Use complete sentences.
Classification of Life. Warm Up What do you think a has in common with a ?
Characteristics of Life. All living things share some basic properties  Cells  Organization  Energy Use  Homeostasis  Growth and Development  Reproduction.
1 Basic Structure of a Cell. 2 A. Main Characteristics of Organisms 1.Made of CELLS 2.Require ENERGY (food) 3.REPRODUCE (species) 4.Maintain HOMEOSTASIS.
1 st 9 Weeks Midterm - Study Guide Answers Living Things and Cells.
1. Describe the cell theory 2. Describe the organization of biological systems 3. Compare/contrast prokaryotic & eukaryotic cells.
7-1: Life is Cellular Biology 1. If you look closely at different things, you will notice that every living organism is made of cells Introduction.
Cells. Cell Theory All living things are made of cells Cells are the basic units of structure, function and physiology in living things Living cells can.
Learning Goal Understand that all living things are made of cells. Compare and contrast prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
What is life? The characteristics of living things The characteristics of living things What is an organism? Give a few examples. What is an organism?
What Makes Something Alive? The 8 characteristics of living things.
CELLS
The Cell. History and Early Contributions Robert Hooke (1665) – first to see cells  Used an early microscope to look at a slice of cork and saw tiny.
LIVING THINGS Cells Unit 2, Part 1 H. Carter. Organism Any living thing.
3/29 Goal: To identify and differentiate between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. How did I do today? 4= I understand how to identify and tell the differences.
Chapter 6 in the Textbook
Intro to Biology Characteristics of Life Intro to Biology.
Characteristics of Life
Cells and Cell Organelles
Study of Biology.
Cell Theory What have we learned about cells over time?
I. Taxonomy The science of describing, naming, and classifying organisms into groups Based on common characteristics.
The Characteristics of life
Cell Theory.
INTRODUCTION TO CELLS Pages 169 – 183 in Textbook.
Chapter 7.1 Life Is Cellular.
Biological Themes and The Characteristics of Life
Characteristics of the Six Kingdoms of Living Things
Intro to Cells Chapter 7 Pages
All About Cells TEKS 7.12F recognize that according to the cell theory all organisms are composed of cells & cells carry on similar functions such as extracting.
INTRODUCTION TO CELLS Life is cellular.
Cell Theory.
Study of Biology.
Unit 11: Classification Review
INTRODUCTION TO CELLS Life is cellular.
Classifying Living Organisms - The Kingdoms
INTRODUCTION TO CELLS Life is cellular.
Characteristics of Living Things
SO….What does it mean to be living?
Study of Biology.
CHARACTERISTICS OF ALL LIVING THINGS
INTRODUCTION TO CELLS Life is cellular.
Presentation transcript:

The History of the Cell The Properties of Life Biology Department Hampton High School SOL BIO 2a Biology Department Hampton High School SOL BIO 2a

1665  Robert Hooke builds a microscope  Discovers cells while looking at cork  The invention of the microscope helped in the discovery of chromosomes.  Robert Hooke builds a microscope  Discovers cells while looking at cork  The invention of the microscope helped in the discovery of chromosomes.

1675  Anton van Leeuwenhoek saw protists in pond water

1772  Joseph Priestly demonstrates that oxygen is produced by plants

1839  Theodor Schwann shows that all animal tissue is made of cells

1839  Matthias Schleiden identifies cell parts in plants:  Membrane  nucleus  Matthias Schleiden identifies cell parts in plants:  Membrane  nucleus

1855  Rudolf Virchow states that any cell came from a preexisting cell  Reproduction is the process by which living things make more of their own kind.  Mitosis and Meiosis - processes to make more body cells and sex cells  Rudolf Virchow states that any cell came from a preexisting cell  Reproduction is the process by which living things make more of their own kind.  Mitosis and Meiosis - processes to make more body cells and sex cells

Traditional Cell Theory  All living things are made up of one or more cells  Cells are the basic units of structure and function in organisms  All cells arise from existing cells

2 Types of Cells Eukaryote (can be both unicellular and multicellular) Prokaryote (unicellular)

Eukaryotes  4 kingdoms that contain eukaryotes are Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia  Cells with: Nucleus Organelles  Enclosed DNA  Larger cell  4 kingdoms that contain eukaryotes are Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia  Cells with: Nucleus Organelles  Enclosed DNA  Larger cell

Prokaryotes Cells with no nucleus Unicellular No organelles Free DNA Bacteria cell Monera Kingdom: Archaebacteria & Eubacteria (Autotrophs and heterotrophs)

All Living Things 1.Monera Kingdom: Archaebacteria 2.Monera Kingdom: Eubacteria 3.Protista Kingdom 4.Fungi Kingdom 5.Plantae Kingdom 6.Animalia Kingdom

Characteristics of All Living Things 1.Made of cells 2.Maintain homeostasis – stable internal conditions 3.Metabolism – need energy (Autotrophs and/or heterotrophs) 4.Responsiveness 5.Reproduction 6.Contain heredity material – DNA/RNA 7.Growth/Development

1. All Living things are made of CELLS There are 2 categories: UNICELLULAR AND MULTICELLULAR

Single Cell - unicellular  Organism has to perform all functions of life within one cell  Some have Chloroplasts - autotrophs (make own food)  photosynthesis  Organism has to perform all functions of life within one cell  Some have Chloroplasts - autotrophs (make own food)  photosynthesis

Multicellular Cells are organized into an hierarchy: cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organisms Heterotrophs - obtain food by eating other things Autotrophs like plants (trees, grass, flowers) – make their own food from the sun Mitochondria organelle- used for respiration/power

Hierarchy of Life Hierarchy: First Step: Building blocks of living things are organized into a hierachy: Atom- molecule – macromolecule- organelle Second step: Cells are organized into an hierarchy: cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organisms

2. Living things fight for survival  Homeostasis - maintain internal standards (temp., water, salinity)  Stable internal conditions  Homeostasis - maintain internal standards (temp., water, salinity)  Stable internal conditions

3. Living things need ENERGY  Metabolism - chemical reactions that convert food into energy  Most energy comes from the sun that is later used by other organisms  Autotrophs vs. Heterotrophs  Metabolism - chemical reactions that convert food into energy  Most energy comes from the sun that is later used by other organisms  Autotrophs vs. Heterotrophs

4. Living things RESPOND to their environment  Responsiveness organisms respond to their external environment  Ex. Flowers bend toward sunlight  Responsiveness organisms respond to their external environment  Ex. Flowers bend toward sunlight

5. Living things REPRODUCE  REPRODUCTION Organisms making more of themselves  Sexual and Asexual  Mitosis and Meisosis is cell reproduction  REPRODUCTION Organisms making more of themselves  Sexual and Asexual  Mitosis and Meisosis is cell reproduction

6. All living things have genetic material Heredity - When an organism reproduces, it passes its own traits to its offspring (children) DNA and RNA hang out in the nucleus of eukaryote cells or free floating in prokaryote cells (bacteria)

7. Growth/Development Growth – All living things grow, either briefly or for thousands of years (i.e bacteria vs. a giant sequoia tree) Development – organisms change as they grow; frogs develop from eggs to tadpoles to frogs

These characteristics led to the modification of the cell theory. In addition to the traditional parts of the cell theory 3 more statements were added.

Modern Cell Theory Energy flow (metabolism and biochemistry) occurs within cells Cells contain hereditary (DNA) information that is passed from cell to cell All cells are the same in chemical composition in organisms of similar species. Energy flow (metabolism and biochemistry) occurs within cells Cells contain hereditary (DNA) information that is passed from cell to cell All cells are the same in chemical composition in organisms of similar species.