Aice United States History Exam review 1
Theme 1- Westward Expansion and the Taming of the west, 1840-96 The doctrine of Manifest Destiny The annexation of Texas, the Mexican War and its consequences The Mormons and Utah The Oregon Question The railroads and their significance 2
Essay 1 1. Assess the main factors involved in the taming of the ‘Wild West’ between 1840 and 1896. 3
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2. Why was it that the 1850 Compromise had started to unravel by 1856? Essay 2 2. Why was it that the 1850 Compromise had started to unravel by 1856? 5
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Essay 3 3. Explain why, and with what consequences, America’s belief in Manifest Destiny proved so strong in the 1840s and 1850s. 7
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Essay 4 4. How far was the displacement of the Native American nations and the destruction of their way of life a consequence of deliberate government policy in the period 1840-1896? 9
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2. Impact on Native Americans 3. Manifest Destiny Theme 1 Trends 1. U.S. War with Mexico 2. Impact on Native Americans 3. Manifest Destiny 4. Compromise of 1850 11
Theme 2- Civil War and reconstruction, 1861-77 The Civil War: strengths and weaknesses of the Union and the Confederacy Lincoln and Davis as war leaders Different strategies of the armies, key campaigns and battles European attitudes and diplomatic initiatives The Emancipation Proclamation and its effects Weaknesses of the Confederate political system Wartime politics in the Union: civil liberties, the 1864 election Grant and Lee as generals Why did the South lose? 12
Theme 2- Civil War and reconstruction, 1861-77 Reconstruction: legacies of the war; devastated South and booming North Lincoln’s program for rebels Johnson’s Reconstruction program, Congressional opposition Radical Congressional Reconstruction, impeachment of Johnson Grant’s administrations, changing emphasis Erosion of black rights, reinstatement of white supremacy Compromise of 1877 and the end of Reconstruction 13
Essay 1 1. ‘From the outset it was quite clear that the Union would ultimately be victorious in the Civil War.’ To what extent do you agree with this assessment? 14
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2. How close did the Confederacy come to ‘winning’ the Civil War? Essay 2 2. How close did the Confederacy come to ‘winning’ the Civil War? 16
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Essay 3 3. Examine the view that Lincoln’s contribution to the Union victory in the Civil War has been greatly exaggerated. 18
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4. To what extent was Reconstruction a failure? Essay 4 4. To what extent was Reconstruction a failure? 20
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1. Strengths and weaknesses- Union, Confederacy 2. Reconstruction Theme 2 trends Trends: 1. Strengths and weaknesses- Union, Confederacy 2. Reconstruction 3. Leadership- Lincoln, Davis, Grant, Johnson 22
Theme 3- The impact of economic expansion Reasons for the expansion of US industry and commerce after the Civil War Effects of mass immigration Effects of technical innovations The impact of railroad expansion Steel, oil and finance Trust and monopolies, attempts at regulation Cult of the business ethic Agrarian revolt and populism, the rise of trade unions Ford and the production line revolution The Progressive Era 23
Essay 1 1. Assess the impact of immigration on American social and economic life in the period from 1865 to 1914. 24
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Essay 2 2. Account for the rise of giant corporations in the period 1870- 1914. 26
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Essay 3 3. To what extent is it true to say that Progressivism was simply Populism moved up into the middle classes? 28
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Essay 4 4. Account for the widespread unrest amongst American farmers in the latter part of the nineteenth century. 30
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2. Gov’t Attempts to Control Business 3. Progressivism 4. Populism Theme 3 Trends: 1. Immigration 2. Gov’t Attempts to Control Business 3. Progressivism 4. Populism 32