Dr j. Golmirzaei Child & adolescent psychiatrist
Enuresis Definition Etiology Epidemiology Differential Diagnosis
Treatment Rate of spontaneous remission 15% per year Behavioral conditioning with bell and pad DDAVP Imipramine Anticholinergic Combination
Outcome & follow-up 6 months treatment 6 months later treatment Observation 16% Imipramine 16% DDAVP 10% Behavioral 56% First line
Encopresis Defination Epidemiology Etiology Differential Diagnosis
Subtypes Retentive (most frequent) Non-retentive Volitional(least frequent)
First line of treatment for retentive subtype is Education about bowel functioning Physiological treatment (laxative or mineral oil) Behavioral Biofeedback
Case report : Imipramine for non-retentive encopresis
Psychodynamic assessment for volitional encopresis