Acquiring New Lands

Puerto Rico Many wanted independence! Others wanted statehood or self-government No promises from U.S. to be independent after Spanish American War.

Americans in Puerto Rico General Nelson A. Miles Commanding office or military forces in PR Assures Puerto Ricans they were there only to protect them! General Guy V. Henry Openly insulted Puerto Ricans Said they are “children” Limited them access to alcohol/tobacco Tried to Americanize them

Puerto Ricans & Independence At first they welcomed U.S. intervention, then came to fear it. Many wanted U.S. citizenship and local self- government

Citizenship for Puerto Rico Congress passed Foraker Act 1901 – Supreme Court rules the Constitution doesn’t apply to people in acquired territories Grants U.S. citizenship to Puerto Ricans and the right to elect BOTH houses

Cuba For 4 years after war – U.S. Army governs Cuba. Platt Amendment 1. Cuba not to make treaties that could limit independence or permit foreign power 2. U.S. has rights to intervene to preserve independence and maintain order 3. Cuba not to go into debt 4. U.S could buy or lease land on the island for naval and coaling stations Protectorate – A country whose affairs are partially controlled by a stronger power

The Philippines Resentment over Treat of Paris erupted in rebellion Philippine-American War 3 year war War cost $400 million and claimed 4,000 American lives Aftermath U.S. set up government for Philippines Taft served as governor American college graduates went to teach Independence on July 4, 1946

China Open Door Policy John Hay issues a series of policy statements Sent to Britain, Germany, France, Italy, Japan and Russia Calls for access to China’s coastal ports, elimination of special privileges and maintenance of China’s independence Boxer Rebellion – 1900 Secret society of “Boxers” revolted Opposed to Western influence Thousands died during fighting

Foreign Policy- Open Door Hay’s issues second series of Open Door notes Said: keep safe equal and impartial trade with Chinese Empire 3 beliefs of U.S. Capitalist Economy Growth of U.S. economy depends on exports U.S. has right to intervene abroad to keep markets open Feared the closing of an area to products, citizens or idea threatened U.S. survival