The Culprits
The Famine of Climate changes in Europe produced three years of crop failures between because of excessive rain. Caused many to starve One consequence of starvation & poverty was susceptibility to disease.
1347: Plague Reaches Constantinople!
The Symptoms Bulbous Septicemic Form: almost 100% mortality rate.
From the Toggenburg Bible, 1411
The Disease Cycle Flea drinks rat blood that carries the bacteria. Flea’s gut clogged with bacteria. Bacteria multiply in flea’s gut. Flea bites human and regurgitates blood into human wound. Human is infected! Person to Person transmission of plague is possible via large aerosol droplets (coughing of sneezing)
Medieval Art & the Plague
Bring out your dead!
Medieval Art & the Plague An obsession with death.
Boccaccio in The Decameron The victims ate lunch with their friends and dinner with their ancestors.
The Danse Macabre
Attempts to Stop the Plague A Doctor’s Robe “Leeching”
Lancing a Buboe
Attempts to Stop the Plague Flagellanti: Self-inflicted “penance” for our sins!
Attempts to Stop the Plague Pograms against the Jews “Jew” hat “Golden Circle” obligatory badge
Death Triumphant !: A Major Artistic Theme
A Little Macabre Ditty “A sickly season,” the merchant said, “The town I left was filled with dead, and everywhere these queer red flies crawled upon the corpses’ eyes, eating them away.” “Fair make you sick,” the merchant said, “They crawled upon the wine and bread. Pale priests with oil and books, bulging eyes and crazy looks, dropping like the flies.”
A Little Macabre Ditty (2) “I had to laugh,” the merchant said, “The doctors purged, and dosed, and bled; “And proved through solemn disputation “The cause lay in some constellation. “Then they began to die.” “First they sneezed,” the merchant said, “And then they turned the brightest red, Begged for water, then fell back. With bulging eyes and face turned black, they waited for the flies.”
A Little Macabre Ditty (3) “I came away,” the merchant said, “You can’t do business with the dead. “So I’ve come here to ply my trade. “You’ll find this to be a fine brocade…” And then he sneezed……….!
The Mortality Rate 35% - 70% 25,000,000 dead !!!
What were the political, economic, and social effects of the Black Death??
Hundred Years’ War
Fight between France and England over the control of the French Throne, territory and English Channel War lasted from The war started in May 1337 when King Philip VI of France attempted to confiscate the English territories in the duchy of Aquitaine (located in Southwestern France). Early English victories because of better weapons technology (Long Bow)
Joan of Arc Saint Joan of Arc or The Maid of Orléans is considered a national heroine of France and a Catholic saint She led the French army to several important victories during the Hundred Years' War which paved the way for the coronation of King Charles VII of France.
Joan of Arc and end of war YouTube - Joan of Arc - Maid of Heaven Trailer with MusicYouTube - Joan of Arc - Maid of Heaven Trailer with Music She was captured by the English and burned at the stake when she was nineteen years old. Hundred Years war ended in July 1453 when the French finally expelled the English from the continent (except for Calais).
Causes English Ruler want to retain French Lands. French Kings want to extend their power. Both want to control the English Channel. Both want to control trade. Hundred Years’ War England wins battles due to longbow. Joan of Arc leads French Armies. Joan’s execution rallies the French. Effects French Monarchs grow stronger. English Parliament gains “power of the purse.” English turn to trading ventures. Castles and knights cannot stand up to cannon and longbow. Monarchs need armies, not feudal vassals. Cause and Effects of the Hundred Years’ War ( ))