Progressive Reform Under Wilson * Wilson didn't think trusts should be regulated * Thought they should be broken up * Prejudices of his southern background prevented him from using federal power to fight off attacks that were to the civil rights of African Americans

Wilson's background He spent his youth in the south during the Civil War After graduating from the college in New Jersey he practiced law for a short time 1902, he became president of Princeton University Ran for govenor in 1910 Once he became president of the U.S. He planned an attack on what he called the triple wall of privilage ( the trusts, tariffs, and high finance )

Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914 This act strengthened the Sherman Antitrust Act of n1890 by declaring certain business practices illegal The Clayton Antitrust Act specified that labor unions and farm organizations not only had the right to exist, but would no longer be required to follow antitrust laws The federal Trade Commission of 1914 set up a 5 member agency

A New Tax System Wilson defended the passage of the Underwood Tariff of 1913 Because Wilson was trying to use the bully pulpit which caused the senate to cut tariff rates even more deeply than the house version had done

Federal Income Tax Tariff rates dropped from about 40% to 30% 16 th amendment was ratified in 1913, legalized federal income tax By 1917 the government received more money from the income tax than it has ever gained from tariffs

Federal Reserve System This system still serve's as the basis of the nation's banking system

Woman Sufferage By 1910 women had federal voting rights only in Wyoming, Utah, Colorado, and Ohio

Local Sufferage Battles By 1900 there were 5,000 college educated women who viewed sufferage as their civil right American women returned to the United States ready to try similar approaches in their own campaigns for sufferage

Catt and the National Movement Catt became the president of NAWSA Held posistion until 1904 and then returned to it in 1915Congress Congress passed the 19 th amendment in 1919 which granted women the right to vote

The Limits of Progressivism Despite Wilson's successes at instituting progressive econimic and political reforms

Wilson and Civil Rights During the presidential campaign of 1912 Wilson won the support of NAACP's black intellectuals and white liberals He did this by treating blacks equally and to speak out against lynching

The Twilight of Progressvism There was an outbreak of WW1 in Europe in 1914