Energy Hydrogen The balloon was filled with Hydrogen. water Along with Oxygen, the contents of the balloon combined to form water. chemical The energy.

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Presentation transcript:

Energy Hydrogen The balloon was filled with Hydrogen. water Along with Oxygen, the contents of the balloon combined to form water. chemical The energy stored in the balloon is ALL chemical What forms of energy did this transform into? Heat, Mechanical, Radiant, Sound

L.o.C.o.E. The amount of energy we started with is more than equal to less than the amount we ended with.

L.o.C.o.E CreatedEnergy cannot be Created ! DestroyedEnergy cannot be Destroyed ! TransformedEnergy can ONLY be Transformed ! Conservation of EnergyThis simple set of statements is called the Law of Conservation of Energy. heatWhen any energy is transformed, heat is always released.

THE BASICS: Calories JoulesEnergy can be measured with two basic units: Calories and Joules two (2)Energy can be found in two (2) different TYPES! storedPOTENTIAL ENERGY: stored movingKINETIC ENERGY: moving

THE BASICS: 7Energy is found in 7 different FORMS! Most energy forms can be found as both types. Some cannot be stored by themselves, only transformed into from other forms.

CHEMICAL ENERGY

CHEMICAL ENERGY: chemical bondsChemical energy is stored in chemical bonds photosynthesisPlants use a process called photosynthesis to store the sun’s energy as sugars in fruits and roots. ENERGYCO2 + Water + ENERGY → Sugar + Oxygen gas CO 2 water “ glue”The plant takes in the raw materials of CO 2 and water and then uses the sun’s radiant energy to “ glue” them together.

CHEMICAL ENERGY: bondsChemical energy is used when bonds are broken. respirationWe eat the sugar and use the energy to make chemicals that we need to live. This is called respiration ENERGY Sugar + Oxygen gas → CO2 + Water + ENERGY burning the food in a calorimeterThe amount of Calories in our food can be determined by burning the food in a calorimeter

HEAT ENERGY

HEAT ENERGY: collideHeat occurs whenever particles collide speed up spread outTwo things happen when heat is added to particles speed up and spread out temperatureThe average speed of particles is called temperature

HEAT ENERGY: HOT COLDHeat ALWAYS travels from HOT to COLD until temperatures are the same. heat“Cold” refers to something that has less heat than something else. removedWhen something gets “cold”, heat is being removed

HEAT ENERGY: direct contact with temperature differencesConduction- direct contact with temperature differences circulation within a fluid (liquids and gases )Convection- circulation within a fluid (liquids and gases ) an electromagnetic wave called INFRARED.Radiation- an electromagnetic wave called INFRARED.

ELectrical ENERGY

ELECTRICAL ENERGY: Electricity is usually stored as chemical energy. gives takesOne chemical gives electrons; the other takes electrons. electronsStatic electricity can occur when there is a buildup of electrons. attractOpposite charges attract repelLike charges repel

ELECTRICAL ENERGY: The balloon has been rubbed on your hair. Draw the charges you would find on the balloon and the wall. Wall

ELECTRICAL ENERGY: Two balloons have been rubbed on your head. Draw their interaction in the space below.

ELECTRICAL ENERGY: You place your hand on the Van de Graaf generator. Draw your hair AND the charges you would predict.

ELECTRICAL ENERGY: electronsElectricity refers to the flow of electrons closed (completed)A circuit must be closed (completed) for electrons to flow. There are two types of circuits series parallel series and parallel

ELECTRICAL ENERGY: SERIES CIRCUIT –Shares the voltage –Adding a light makes all of them dimmer –One goes out…they all go out

ELECTRICAL ENERGY: PARALLEL CIRCUIT –All receive maximum voltage –Adding a light changes nothing –One goes out…the rest stay on

ELECTRICAL ENERGY: electrical pressure (the umpf behind the electrons)Voltage (Volts): electrical pressure (the umpf behind the electrons) the frequency of electrons Amperage (Amps): the frequency of electrons

mechanical ENERGY

MECHANICAL ENERGY: Also called gravitational potential energy: P.E. = mgh mass gravity height P.E. = mass X gravity X height kg m/s 2 m

MECHANICAL ENERGY: The energy of motionKinetic Energy – The energy of motion K.E. = ½ mv 2 mass velocity K.E. = ½ mass X velocity 2 kg m/s

MECHANICAL ENERGY:

nuclear ENERGY

NUCLEAR ENERGY: Protons Positive (+) Neutrons Neutral (0)

NUCLEAR ENERGY: Nuclear energy holds the nucleus together. It would love to fly apart!

NUCLEAR ENERGY: Nuclear fission is when the nucleus of large atoms is split.

Uncontrolled Fission !!!

Controlled Fission !!!

radiant ENERGY

RADIANT ENERGY: What is light? An electromagnetic wave

RADIANT ENERGY: a charged particle is vibrated. Light is produced when a charged particle is vibrated.

RADIANT ENERGY: 300,000,000 m/s or EM waves travel at the “speed of light” which is… 300,000,000 m/s or 300 thousand km/s 300 thousand km/s

RADIANT ENERGY: What is a wavelength?

RADIANT ENERGY: Which wavelengths have the most / least energy? Name some types of light in the spaces below.

RADIANT ENERGY: What wavelengths of light CAN been seen by humans?

sound ENERGY

SOUND ENERGY: Sound is a wave of matter

SOUND ENERGY: Sound cannot travel through a vacuum. Sound travels slowest through a GAS, fastest through a SOLID.

SOUND ENERGY: What is frequency? –The number of wavelengths that pass by a point in one second. –Measured in Hertz What is pitch? –Refers to how high or low a tone is

SOUND ENERGY: Doppler Effect: