Today’s Warm Up  Take out the world map where you previously charted the explorative voyages of Portugal. Using pages 74 & 75 in your textbook, add in the voyages for Spain (color coded in blue)  On the back, list each explorer and explain why their voyage was significant  Columbus  Magellan  Elcano  Balboa  Pizarro (don’t need to explain significance)  Cortes (don’t need to explain significance)

Today’s LEQ: How did exploration to the West result in the exchange of new goods and ideas between the Old World and New World?

Spain Builds and Empire  European explorers reached the Americas by the late 1400s & scramble to est. colonies and empires  Spain conquered two of the greatest native empires of the Americas, the Aztecs and the Incas

Spain in the Caribbean  First areas settled were Caribbean islands like Hispaniola & Cuba  Colonial economy based on mining of gold & silver, farming  For labor, set up the Encomienda System  A colonist was given land and a Native American labor force.  The colonist then Christianized the natives.

Encomienda System Fails  Natives were overworked and often mistreated.  Europeans brought smallpox, tuberculosis and measles and the natives had no resistance and millions died

The Conquest of Mexico  Spaniards eventually moved to the mainland to set up colonies  Spanish conquistador, Hernan Cortes, led expedition to Mexico, attacked Moctezuma II & conquered the Aztecs

Tenochtitlan

INFER – What do you think is happening in this painting?

The Conquest of Peru  Another Spanish conquistador, Francisco Pizarro, heard about the wealth of the Incan Empire & led expedition to Peru  Smallpox had killed many even before Pizarro’s arrival

Atahualpa  New Incan leader  Previous ruler had died of smallpox  Atahualpa gave Pizarro a huge fortune in silver and gold, but the Spaniards still killed him & took over

Cuzco, Peru – present day

 PREDICT:  What event is taking place?  Where is the evidence that proves your answer to be correct?

Life in the Spanish Empire  Spain gained control of Peru and Mexico.  The Spanish King chose officials called viceroys to rule over American holdings  Bartolome de Las Casas was a vocal reformer who defended the plight of the Native Americans  Recommended replacing them as laborers with imported African slaves  Slave labor soon becomes common practice in the Americas

Primary Source Analysis  The Treatment of Native Americans  Please record answers in your notes.  ANALYZE: According to Las Casas, how have the Spanish mistreated Native Americans?  INFER: For what audience do you think Las Casas was writing? What evidence supports your response? ***Refer to page 80 in your textbook. ***