Information and Reference Services Dr. Dania Bilal IS 530 Fall 2009
Definitions Information/reference service: – provision of information, guidance, and instruction to users Reference librarians: – information specialists/intermediaries/mediators between information sources and users
Purposes Assist in meeting user information needs Educate users in effective access, evaluation, and use of information Develop and maintain virtal and non- virtual collections to meet user needs
Information Services Reference Circulation Interlibrary loan Technical services Digital depositories Media digitization Reserves
Reference Services User mediation User guidance User instruction Database searching Digital/virtual reference User referral Mobile book service Mobile libraries (on cell phones)
User Mediation Identify user information need – Negotiation & mediation of need – Types of user queries Directional Factual Research
User Queries Directional: location-driven Factual: known as ready reference – Have target answers; tend to be simple Research: require research to find relevant information sought – No target answers; tend to be complex
APTs Ready Reference answer-providing tools (APTs) – almanacs, dictionaries, maps, directories, encyclopedias, handbooks, manuals, guides, atlases, maps, etc. Other APTs – books, journal indexes, magazine indexes, databases, online catalogs, search engines, social networking sites, Web sites, etc.
User Instruction Type of instruction – Orientation/guidance – Self-paced online tutorials – class-related – One-on-one
Database Searching Fee-based – Access to vendor databases such as Dialog Command-driven (DialogClassic.com) Menu-driven (DialogWeb) – Not all libraries offer Dialog service – Dialog searches performed for users by experienced intermediaries or designated staff
Non command-driven databases Menu- rather than command-driven Web-based – Type, point and click! – Examples: databases accessible through Hodges Library, TEL databases
Other Services SDI Information & Referral Virtual reference – Chat software – – Telephone
Reference and the Community Who uses the library? Are libraries competing with bookstores? What type of users do libraries serve?
Serving Diverse/Special Groups Multicultural groups Refugees People with disabilities People of varied social backgrounds – Impoverished – Homeless