The Activities of Andrea Kaiser-Weiss GHRSST Project Officer, based at NCEO, University of Reading, UK

Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature 1.Why Sea Surface Temperature (SST) and why GHRSST (Group for High Resolution SST) 1.GHRSST Data Flow 2.GHRSST in the International Landscape 3.Planned Future 4.Summary 2 Outline

Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature Why SST : Storms Kerry A. Emanuel (April 2010) 3

Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature Why SST: Rainfall variability Giannini, Biasutti, Held and Sobel, Climatic Change, 2008 Rainfall EOF’s Long-term change Correlated SST 4

Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature Why: Climate change average: C Source : BoM graphics from HadCRUT3v data Global ocean heat content in the upper 700 m. Climate Change Indicators in the United States, p 36, EPA 430-R , April Heat content (10 22 joules) 5

Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature Motivation : Oceanography Surface Trend (ºC/10 yrs) Source : BoM graphics from HadCRUT3v data SST related science in Oceanography : - air/sea flux - currents, eddies, fronts - AMO - trends in all of the above 6

Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature 7 Ocean modelling and forecasting NWP (hurricanes, seasonal-interannual rainfall variability) Climate variability and change Ecosystems (habitats, aquaculture) Fisheries Navy acoustic signal processing Why SST ?

Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature TRMM TMI POES AVHRR MSG-SEVIRI Imager ENVISAT AATSR GOES Imager AQUA AMSR-E MODIS MTSAT-1R Imager METOP Credit: C. Gentemann 8 Why GHRSST ?

Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature Why GHRSST ? GHRSST IX (2008): “To develop and nurture cooperation and progress at the world scale in the subject area of satellite Sea Surface Temperature”

Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature The aim of GHRSST is to develop and nurture cooperation and progress at the world scale in the subject area of satellite Sea Surface Temperature GHRSST establishes consensus and develops cooperation to: –Facilitate easy and diverse access and application of SST data through coordinated data assembly and analysis systems –Facilitate the advancement of SST science, tools and techniques –Foster expertise in SST measurements at all levels and provide best practice advice to users –Optimize the quality of SST data through inter-comparisons, testing, calibration and validation –Maintain and nurture the link between the SST Scientific and Operational users of SST measurements –Conduct efficient re-analysis of SST data and develop the Modern era SST ECV 3. GHRSST aims and achievements ✔

Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature Polar infrared has high accuracy & spatial resolution Geostationary infrared has high temporal resolution Microwave Polar orbiting has all-weather capability GHRSST Builds on EO complementarities… Data Merging In situ data provide reality in all weather conditions

Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature Andrea Kaiser-Weiss ET-OOFS-3 Tokyo 8th Oct Definitions of SST 12 SSTfnd sea surface foundation temperature SSTskin sea surface skin temperature SSTsubskin sea surface subskin temperature SSTdepth sea water temperature at depth z, e.g.,SST 2m SSTint interface sea surface temperature Depth 10  m 1 mm 1 m 10 m SST – SST 10m (K) Daytime, light winds Night-time, or strong winds

Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature GHRSST Data Flow 13

Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature Observed T11-T12 Predicted T11-T12 ( ECMWF + RTTOV ) 11/09/2010 At 00:00 UTC Le Borgne, P., Roquet, H. & C.J. Merchant, 2010, Estimation of SST from the SEVIRI, improved using numerical weather prediction, Remote Sensing of Environment, 115, 55–65.

Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature L3 (Europe) Combining satellite data: MyOcean

Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature US: for example MUR analysis by Mike Chin at JPL

Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature User tools and Services NAIAD and dataminer IFREMER and JPL SQUAM GMPE HRDDS WMS G1 OurOcean DataCasting

Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature GHRSST Organisation International GHRSST Science Team User Requirements for high resolution Sea Surface Temperature data products and services from operational, scientific, and climate communities. International Stakeholder Advisory Council GPO : GHRSST International Project Office Data Assembly and Systems DAS-TAG Diurnal Variability DV-WG Reanalysis RAN-TAG High Latitude HL-TAG Estimation Methods EARWiG Inter- compari sons IC-TAG Application s and User Services AUS-TAG Lake Surface Water Temp. LSWT-WG CEOS- VC Rescue & Reprocessing Historical AVHRR Archives R2HA2 -WG SSES and Validation STVAL-TAG

Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature 3. GHRSST in the international landscape GHRSST = well linked to the national and international space agencies, Met-offices, and major research institutes (e.g. Navoceano, NOAA) GHRSST interaction with NASA SST Science Team, ESA CCI, MyOcean, Australia, Japan, New: South Korea, Brazil, Canada, China, India. Links to CEOS, GCOS, WMO, JCOMM, WCRP, OceanView, ET-OOFS, …

Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature Planned Future for GHRSST: CEOS SST Virtual Constellation (SST-VC)

Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature Summary 1.GHRSST mission: to provide SST to operational users and a to a massive science community 2.GHRSST priority research: uncertainty estimates, Sensor Specific Error Statistics 3.Research issues: variability in the upper ten metres cloud detection, long-term stability 4.Users: which SST should they be provided with ? 21 GHRSST operational reliable mature

Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature GHRSST XII Science Team meeting 2011 Edinburgh, Scotland, 27 June - 01 July Special emphasis is on facilitating the exchange between data users and producers. Please indicate your interest by sending an to