By Tiffany Sayaseng, Roberto Lopez, Sandy Lee ANTISOCIAL PERSONALITY DISORDER (ASPD)

What is Antisocial Personality Disorder? Antisocial personality disorder is sometimes referred to as psychopathic or sociopathic disorder (not a professional label used to diagnose) Characterized by a long perennial pattern of a disregard for other people’s rights Often cross the line and violate rights ASPD usually starts as early as childhood or teens and continues in into adulthood

Diagnostic Criteria A continuous pattern of neglect and violation of the rights of others and laws, occurs at age 15.  Repeatedly failure to follow basic laws that can cause for arrests.  Repeatedly lying, use of false identity, or conning others for personal pleasure  Recklessness or failure to think ahead  Aggressiveness, short tempered, repeated physical fights or assaults  Careless for the safety of others or self  Lacks moral responsibilities  Lack of empathy

Diagnostic Criteria (con’t.) The victim is at least at the age of 18 There is evidence of behavioral and emotional behavior before age 15 The occurrence of antisocial behavior is not exclusively during the course of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder.

Diagnostic Features Psychopath: mental illness or disorder Sociopath: behavior is antisocial, often criminal, and lacks sense of moral responsibilities Dissocial personality disorder: chronic antisocial behavior and violation of the law and the rights of others 18 years of age History of behavioral disorder before the age of 15

Diagnostic Features (con’t.)  Aggressive towards people and animals  Destruction of property  Theft or lying  Violation of rules

Prevalence The 12 month prevalence rates for people with ASPD are between.2% and 3.3% Highest prevalence of ASPD(more than 70%) is among men with extreme alcohol use disorder, substance abuse clinics, prisons, etc. ASPD is more prevalent in socioeconomic or sociocultural factors

Development and Course  ASPD is a chronic disorder  Become less noticeable as individual grows older, particularly the fourth decade of life or at age 48  Cannot be diagnosed before age 18

Culture-Related Diagnostic Issues ASPD is more common in lower socioeconomic classes as well as urban settings Some people feel that diagnosing a person based off of their settings is wrong because some see antisocial personality disorder as a protective survival strategy. It is important for the clinician to understand the patient’s environmental factors

Risks and Prognostic Factors Antisocial personality disorder is more common in females than in males ASPD could be because of biological or genetic factors as well as environmental factors People diagnosed with ASPD are put at risk for Somatic Symptom Disorder (SSD) SSD is characterized by recurring multiple complaints and somatic symptoms (such as pain, sexual problems and psuedoneurological symptoms like amnesia, difficult breathing)

Risks and Prognostic Factors (con’t.) Biological and adopted kids whose parents have ASPD are at risk of developing ASPD, SSD, and substance use disorders. Adoptive kids’ behavior resembling their adoptive parents is an example of environmental factors

Differential Diagnosis SUBSTANCE USE DISORDERS: if an adult has substance use disorder, the diagnosis of ASPD can’t be made unless their were behaviors during childhood that continued on until adulthood SCHIZOPHRENIA & BIPOLAR DISORDERS: antisocial behavior that occur during the same time as schizophrenia or bipolar disorder shouldn’t be diagnosed as ASPD OTHER PERSONALITY DISORDERS: other personality disorders maybe confused with ASPD bc of similar features.  People with Antisocial personality disorder and Narcissistic personality disorder are commonly hard headed, superficial, exploitative, and lack empathy.  Histrionic personality disorder = impulsive, reckless, manipulative, seductive, dramatic, over exaggerates

Jeffery Dahmer – Case Study Lived in Milwaukee, Wisconsin By age he did not display any interest in social interactions Became very withdrawn Take dead animals and do very strange things with them, such as putting a dogs head on a snake.

KILLED 17 MEN AND BOYS RAPED, NECROPHILIA, CANNIBALISM, DISMEMBERED HIS VICTIMS (NECROPHILIA = SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH OR ATTRACTION TOWARDS CORPSES ) FOUND SEVERED HEADS IN THE REFRIGERATOR, A DECOMPOSING BODY IN THE BEDROOM, AN SEVERED HANDS, PENISES, AND HEADS CRAZY CRAZY CRAAAAZZZY!!!

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Group’s Perspective Biological: abnormal brain functions can cause antisocial personality disorder because the neurotransmitter, Serotonin has been linked with aggressive behavior Pyschodynamic: Deprived of emotional bond. Without having developed strong bonds with his parents, he is self-absorbed and indifferent to others. Probably wants to seek some sort of connection through his victims