The Geologic Time Scale

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Presentation transcript:

The Geologic Time Scale

Sections of time ERA Two or more geological periods comprise an era, which is hundreds of millions of years in duration.

PERIOD The period is the basic unit of geological time in which a single type of rock system is formed, lasting tens of millions of years. EPOCH An epoch is a division of a geologic period; it is the smallest division of geologic time, lasting several million years.

Eon- Era- Period- Epoch- Age. Humans as we know ourselves appeared in the Pleistocene Epoch of the Quaternary Period in the Cenozoic era of the Phanerozoic Eon…..

Pre Cambrian time 4.6 Billion years ago- 542 MA Earth Forms Stromatolites are dominant life form

Paleozoic Era 542 to 251 mya Multicellular life!!

Paleozoic, Cambrian, 488-542 MA Trilobites dominate many phyla develop. “Cambrian Explosion”

Paleozoic, Ordovician, 488 to 444 mya North America is under shallow sea. Modern Oxygen rich atmosphere develops Vertebrates Develop

Paleozoic, Silurian 444 MA 416 MA First Land Plants and Animals

Paleozoic, Devonian, 416 MA -359 MA First amphibians Age of fishes

Paleozoic, Carboniferius, Missippian 359 MA – 318 MA Amphibians Flourish Forests and swamps cover land

Paleozoic, Carboniferius, Pennsylvanian 318 MA – 299 MA Giant flying insects First Reptiles, ROAR!!

Paleozoic, Permian 299 MA – 251 MA Pangea comes together

Mesozoic Era "The Age of Reptiles" 251 MA to 65.5 MA

Mesozoic, Triassic 251 MA – 200 MA Dinosaurs appear Mammals appear

Cycads and conifers dominate

Mesozoic, Jurassic 200 MA- 146 MA Dinosaurs are the dominant animal. Primitive vertebrate flight, first birds

Mesozoic, Cretaceous, 146-65.5MA Flowering plants appear (angiosperms) Modern Birds All good until……

K-T Extinction 65MA Kills off Dinosaurs Asteroid or volcano Iridium rich dust….

Cenozoic Era "The Age of Mammals" 65.5 mya through today Continents at present locations

Cenozoic, Tertiary, Paleocene 65-55.8 mya Paleocene- age on mammals begins First Primates

Cenozoic, Tertiary, Eocene 55.8-33.9 mya Rodents appear. Primitive whales appear.

Cenozoic, Tertiary,Oligocene 33.9-23 mya Dogs and cats appear! But they did not look like that -

Cenozoic, Tertiary, Miocene 23-5.3 MA Due to high abundance of grasses, herds of large mammals abound.

Cenozoic, Tertiary, Pliocene 5.3-1.8 First hominids (australopithecines). Modern forms of whales. Megalodon swam the seas Hominid- where humans and apes split

Lions Tigers and Bears…. Appear in the Pliocene

Cenozoic, Quauernary, Pleistocene Quaternary Period "The Age of Man" 1.8 mya to today Pleistocene- The Last Ice Age 1.8-.012 ma Humans (Homo sapien) appear. You better remember this!

Mammoths, saber-toothed cats,

Quaternary, Holocene 11,500 ya to today Marked by complex human civilization Ice melted, and sea level rose 140 m!