The English Revolution: reducing Power of the King… 1642 – 1660.

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Presentation transcript:

The English Revolution: reducing Power of the King… 1642 – 1660

Photo Analysis: Die roll for specific details anyone?

Photo Analysis #1

DFS Trans 2

Revolutions in England Civil war raged over what roles the king and Parliament should have in governing England.

James I, the king of Scotland, came to power with the death of Queen Elizabeth. He was her cousin….The Stuart line of rulers began in James I believed in the divine right of kings. This contradicted the beliefs of most Englishmen, who accepted that the king and Parliament ruled England together.divine right of kings Revolutions in England (cont.)

When Charles I came to the throne, many Puritans were upset that he attempted to put more rituals into the Church of England. This led thousands of Puritans to leave for America. In 1642 England was faced with a civil war between the king’s soldiers, known as Cavaliers, and the Roundheads under Oliver Cromwell. Revolutions in England (cont.) Causes: 1.Charles changing the Church of England, accused of making it more Catholic. 2. Who really had power to rule? King or Parliament? 3. King actually arrested 5 members of Parliament who were his chief critics…angered many!

Cromwell’s forces were victorious, and Charles I was executed. After 7 years of fighting between Parliament’s forces and the Kings Royal army: In 1649 England was declared a commonwealth. Cromwell rules as a dictator.commonwealth After Cromwell’s death in 1658, England restored the Stuart line of rulers with Charles II (Charles I son). Charles II ruled until his death in 1685, when James II (Charles II brother)ascended the throne. Revolutions in England (cont.)

VLAs Life under /Cromwell w2A w2A Painting Mr. Cromwell: u9I u9I

James II (brother to Charles II) devout Catholic…

James II was a devout Catholic. Parliament objected to his policies of appointing Catholics because its members were afraid a Catholic dynasty might be possible. In 1688 English nobles invited William and Mary of Orange, who were Protestants, to invade England. Called it THE GLORIOUS REVOLUTION! (NO bloodshed) ….James II leaves quietly. William and Mary were offered the throne and accepted the English Bill of Rights. Revolutions in England (cont.)

Bill of Rights: – Parliament could make laws and levy taxes. – Armies could not be raised without the consent of Parliament. – Citizens could keep arms and have a jury trial. Revolutions in England (cont.)

The Bill of Rights ensured that Parliament would be part of the English government and laid the foundation for a constitutional monarchy. Revolutions in England (cont.) Parliament also enacted the Tolerance Act of 1689, which granted Puritans, but not Catholics, the right of free public worship.

A.A B.B C.C D.D How did Parliament secure the Bill of Rights for England? A.It defeated the Cavaliers. B.It offered the crown to William and Mary of Orange. C.The English people voted for it. D.James II was restored to the throne.

VLA Reviews: 7eA Bob Hale and Horrible Histories/ 7eA Cavaliers and Roundheads Song!: 4uE 4uE

Wrap Up: Create a Web of LINKED facts