Chapter 8 Female Reproductive System

Organs of the System Ovaries Fallopian Tubes-fimbriae, cilia Uterus- fundus top Vagina Bartholin Gland Clitoris Labia- –Minora –Majora Perineum

Female System

Ovaries Developed before birth and contain all of the immature ova –Ova are contained in the graafin follicles and erupt at ovulation –The site of ovulation develops into the corpus luteum –Hormones estrogen and progresterone are produced by the ovaries

Ovary Anatomy

Oocytes

Fallopian Tubes Transport the ova to the uterus Fertilization takes place in the fallopian tubes Cilia within the structure transport the ova toward the uterus –The journey takes about 5 to 7 days –If cilia are damaged a person may experience fertility problems or ectopic pregnancy

Fallopian Tube

Uterus Fundus- upper round end Corpus- larger central portion (largest part) Cervix- mouth of the uterus Layers of the organ –Endometrium- Epithelial Mucosa- develops vacular tissue for fetal attachment and nurishment –Myometrium-muscular middle layer –Uterine serosa- outer layer of the organ

Vagina Muscluar tube that leads out of the body Birth Canal Lined with mucosa cells Most common site where sexually transmitted infections enter

Glands Bartholins- produce mucous to lubricate the vagina Clitoris- sensitive erectile tissue responsible for sexual response

Labia Protective folds of tissue located on the exterior of the body

External View

hymen Thin tissue that partially covers the opening of the vagina No know function Not necessarily present at birth

Breast Tissue Mammary Glands-glandular tissue that produce milk when stimulated by hormones Fatty tissue Fibrous tissue Mammary papilla- nipple area Areola- darker area around the nipple

Mammary Glands

Menstrual Cycle Controlled by hormones produced by the pituitary gland and ovaries Menarche- first menstruation Menopause- cessation of fertility and diminished hormone production Ovulation takes place in the middle of the cycle and the cycle starts with menstruation

Menstrual Cycle