PLANTS IN IDUSTRY BY: FIDAN TOPYUREK

AGENDA FOR TODAY Products from Wood Products from Plant Fibres Plant Extracts Energy From Plants

SUMMARIZARY OF CHAPTER 15.3  Trees are the source of wood for building a variety of items  Plants supply us with many other substances including a wide variety of fibres and chemicals  Industrial processes such as papermaking and tire manufacturing, depend on plants

PRODUCT S FROM WOOD

 The forest products industry is Canada’s leading manufacturing sector  Wood products include lumber, plywood, newsprint, fine papers, and paperboard or cardboard  Softwoods such as pine and cedar are used to make paper and paper products because their cellulose fibres are longer then hardwood  Hardwoods such as maple and oak are used to make furniture, flooring, mouldings, cabinets, plywood.

Interesting Facts: In 1999, over 30 billion tonnes of paper and cardboard products were produced in CANADA Canada is the largest supplier of newsprint to countries around the world The Canadian pulp and paper industry is the largest employer in the country Over people work directly in the industry Indirect employment in the pulp and paper industry across the country is estimated to be about

HOW IS PAPER MADE FROM WOOD? o Firstly you need to make pulp o The bark is then removed from the log and the logs are then ground up into chips o The chips are either ground even finer, or mixed with chemicals to separate individual fibres o The pulp is then washed and passed through a screen o Then it is thickened by removing water from the pulp mixture o If pulp is used to make white paper or diapers, the pulp is bleached o CONGRATS! YOUR FINAL PRODUCT IS MADE!

HOW TO MAKE PAPER FROM PULP! i. Water is added so that individual fibres become separated and saturated from water ii. This mixture is then filtered through a screen, and the substance left on the screen forms a matted sheet of cellulose fibre iii. This sheet is then passed through a roller to squeeze out the water iv. The resulting sheet of paper is then left to dry

PRODUCTS FROM PLANT FIBRES Most fabrics are made from plant fibres Cotton, used for fabrics for centuries, is just one of the important fibres derived from plants Other plants used for fibre include; flax, jute and sisal Cellulose fibres, mainly from cotton and wood, are used in countless products, from the kitchen “ sponge” to the film in your camera Oils from olives, coconuts, yuccas, jojoba, among others, are used to make soaps, shampoos, and skin softeners.

PLANT EXTRACTS  A plant extract is any substance that is produced by processing a plant or part of a plant  For example; cooking oils are extracts from seeds such as sunflower, safflower, corn, olive, and canola  Most seed oils are unsaturated and are liquid at room temperature  Plant protein, which is found mainly in the seeds of plants, is used to manufacture food products such as tofu  Plants have supplied the raw materials for dyes used on fabrics over the centuries. Roots, berries, flowers, and wood are all sources of dye is a group of tropical shrub-like plants commonly called indigo plants

ENERGY FROM PLANTS o Plants are known to be the major energy source o Coal, oil, and natural gas are all combustible materials that are produced from ancient, fossilized plants o As oil and gas resources become scarcer and more expensive, we turn to plants to find new ways to supply fuels for energy, especially for transportation o Gasohol is a fuel made by combining gasoline with ethanol. Ethanol is formed by the fermentation of wastes from crops such as corn and potatoes

TYPES OF TREES ! BALSAM FIR ( PARTICLE BOARD) Cork oak tree ( bulletin board) Cotton Plant (t-shirt) Rubber tree ( eraser) WE USE A VARIETY PLANT PRODUCTS IN OUR DAILY LIVES...