OB: naming simple monoatomic ionic compounds You must have your own reference tables open to the periodic table now. No calculators needed. One big chunk of NaCl Sodium chloride

Ionic compounds form when positive cations (metals) come together with negative anions (non-metals) and are wildly attracted due to opposite charge. Cations form when metals transfer electrons to nonmetals, which simultaneously form negative anions. Opposites attract, it’s like love!!! There is ALWAYS a perfect transfer of electrons, and if not, nothing happens. It’s either perfect, or nothing.

You already know this: see…. NaCl is called sodium chloride, not Chlorine sodiumide, or sodium chlorine, or anything else silly. There are 2 rules, the first name rule, and the second name rule to naming simple ionic compounds… 1 st name rule: name the cation (metal) first, use the atom name 2 nd name rule: name the anion second, change the ending to –ide. Let’s go through all the second names now: F, Cl, Br, I, O, S, (Se), N, P, and (As) The ones in the (parenthesis are rare, especially in this class)

F, Cl, Br, I, O, S, (Se), N, P, and (As) (fluoride, chloride, bromide, iodide, oxide, sulfide, selenide, nitride, phosphide, + arsenide) Name these compounds: LiBr CaO BeS MgO CsF SrS AlP

LiBr lithium bromide CaO calcium oxide BeS beryllium sulfide MgO magnesium oxide CsF cesium fluoride SrS strontium sulfide AlP aluminum phosphide

What happens if we combine something like calcium and chlorine? Ca +2 ion forms when calcium atoms lose 2 electrons Combine it with a Chloride ion, which forms when a chlorine atom gains 1 electron. 2 electrons transfer from calcium do not match up to 1 electron gain by chlorine?? What’s up with this?

Ca +2 + Cl -1 cannot be a 1:1 ratio The Ca +2 must transfer 2 electrons to two different chlorines, forming 2 chloride anions. Calcium chloride is therefore: CaCl 2

CationAnion Formula of compound Name of compound Na +1 P -3 Ca +2 S -2 Al +3 P -3 Mg +2 Br -1 Al +3 O -2

CationAnion Formula of compound Name of compound Na +1 P -3 Na 3 PSodium phosphide Ca +2 S -2 CaSCalcium sulfide Al +3 P -3 AlPAluminum phosphide Mg +2 Br -1 MgBr 2 Magnesium bromide Li +1 O -2 Li 2 OLithium oxide

CationAnion Formula of compound Name of compound Be +2 F -1 Sr +2 Cl -1 Ba +2 N -3 K +1 I -1 Al +3 O -2

CationAnion Formula of compound Name of compound Be +2 F -1 BeF 2 Beryllium fluoride Sr +2 Cl -1 SrCl 2 Strontium chloride Ba +2 N -3 Ba 3 N 2 Barium nitride K +1 I -1 KIPotasisum iodide Al +3 O -2 Al 2 O 3 Aluminum oxide

Criss Cross Method of nonthinking, but getting it right (if you think about it) Al +3 O -2

LiCl CsF BeO MgS MgF 2 Ca 3 P 2 Li 3 P Na 3 N Al 2 O 3

LiCl CsF BeO MgS MgF 2 Ca 3 P2 Li 3 P Na 3 N Al2O 3 Lithium chloride Cesium fluoride Beryllium oxide Magnesium sulfide Magnesium fluoride Calcium phosphide Lithium phosphide Sodium nitride Aluminum oxide Harpo Marx

The compounds formed when ions bond together are called Ionic Compounds They have very strong bonds holding them together, so, they have high melting points, and higher boiling points. Ionic compounds only form when metals can transfer electrons directly to nonmetals, “perfectly”. No loose electrons, no IOU electrons ever.

Tonight: Review Lab #1 due Friday Naming Compounds HW#2 due Friday