Section 2.1 The Early History of Chemistry Return to TOC

Chapter 2.8 Nomenclature

Section 2.1 The Early History of Chemistry Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 3 2.8Naming Simple Compounds2.8Naming Simple Compounds (Nomenclature)

Section 2.8 Naming Simple Compounds Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 4 1.To learn to name binary compounds containing only nonmetals (Greek Prefixes) 2.To learn to name Ionic compounds of a metal and nonmetal by balancing charges 3.To learn to name Ionic compounds whose cation has more than 1 possible charge (Roman Numeral Notation) Objectives

Section 2.8 Naming Simple Compounds Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 5 Binary Compounds  Composed of two elements  Ionic and covalent compounds included Binary Covalent Compounds  Nonmetal—nonmetal Binary Ionic Compounds  Metal—nonmetal Naming Compounds

Section 2.8 Naming Simple Compounds Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 6 Formed between two nonmetals. 1.The first element in the formula is named first, using the full element name. 2.The second element is named as if it were an anion. 3.Prefixes are used to denote the numbers of atoms present. 4.The prefix mono- is never used for naming the first element. Binary Covalent Compounds

Section 2.8 Naming Simple Compounds Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 7 Binary Compound Practice CO 2 BF NO N 2 O 5 H 2 O CCl 4 NO 2 IF 5

Section 2.8 Naming Simple Compounds Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 8 More Practice PCl 5 P 4 O 6 SF 6 SO 3 SO 2

Section 2.8 Naming Simple Compounds Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 9 AND MORE PRACTICE… N 2 O 3 SiO 2 O 2 F 2 XeF 6 N 2 O 4

Section 2.8 Naming Simple Compounds Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 10 How about the other way? sulfur hexafluoride dinitrogen trioxide

Section 2.8 Naming Simple Compounds Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 11 Naming Compounds That Contain a Metal and a Nonmetal (Ionic Compounds) Binary ionic compounds contain positive cations and negative anions. –Type I compounds Metal forms only one cation

Section 2.8 Naming Simple Compounds Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 12 Naming Compounds That Contain a Metal and a Nonmetal

Section 2.8 Naming Simple Compounds Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 13 Naming Compounds That Contain a Metal and a Nonmetal For compounds containing both a metal and a nonmetal, the metal is always named first. The nonmetal is named from the root element name.

Section 2.8 Naming Simple Compounds Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved The cation is always named first and the anion second. 2.A monatomic cation takes its name from the name of the parent element. 3.A monatomic anion is named by taking the root of the element name and adding –ide. Binary Ionic Compounds (Type I)

Section 2.8 Naming Simple Compounds Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 15 Naming Ionic Compounds Practice K I CaS CsBr MgO CsF AlCl 3 Mg I 2 Rb 2 O Sr I 2 K 2 S

Section 2.8 Naming Simple Compounds Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 16 Why don’t we use the Greek Prefixes? Charge matters… Na charge? I charge? Only one balanced combination possible, so there is no need for the Greek prefixes… Ca charge? O charge? CaO is the only balanced possibility…

Section 2.8 Naming Simple Compounds Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 17 Table of common charges formed when creating ionic compounds. Oxide, Nitride Groups or Families Group or FamilyCharge Alkali Metals (1A)1+ Alkaline Earth Metals (2A) 2+ Halogens (7A)1– Noble Gases (8A)0

Section 2.8 Naming Simple Compounds Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 18 Examples: Gangsta Switch! Potassium chloride Magnesium bromide Calcium iodide Binary Ionic Compounds (Type I) Charge Matters!

Section 2.8 Naming Simple Compounds Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 19 How about writing a formula from a name? CHARGE!! Sodium Chloride Magnesium Sulfide Rubidium Bromide Calcium Oxide Barium Iodide Aluminum Fluoride Lithium Oxide Strontium Chloride Potassium Sulfide

Section 2.8 Naming Simple Compounds Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 20 What if the cation has more than 1 possible charge? Type II Binary Ionic compounds Write the formula for Gold Chloride Since the metal ion can have more than one charge, a Roman numeral is used to specify the charge. Gold Chloride? Gold can have (+1) or (+3) charge AuCl or AuCl 3 ? Gold (I) Chloride or Gold (III) Chloride Silver walks into a schoolyard….

Section 2.8 Naming Simple Compounds Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 21 Naming Compounds That Contain a Metal and a Nonmetal Type II Binary Ionic compounds (Iron II’s in a circle?) Iron in the wind?

Section 2.8 Naming Simple Compounds Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 22 IONIC Roman Numeral (ONLY if more than 1 possible charge) Molybdenum (VI) Bromide Palladium (IV) Oxide

Section 2.8 Naming Simple Compounds Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 23 IONIC Roman Numeral (ONLY if more than 1 possible charge) FeCl 2 FeCl 3 PbO CuCl PbO 2 HgO MnO 2 PbCl 4 Fe 2 O 3

Section 2.8 Naming Simple Compounds Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 24 Naming Binary Compounds: A Review

Section 2.8 Naming Simple Compounds Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 25 1.To learn to name binary compounds containing only nonmetals (Greek Prefixes) 2.To learn to name Ionic compounds of a metal and nonmetal by balancing charges 3.To learn to name Ionic compounds whose cation has more than 1 possible charge (Roman Numeral Notation) 4.Work Session: Page 72 Binary 61, 62 Ionic 55 Objectives Review

Section 2.8 Naming Simple Compounds Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 26 1.To learn the names of common polyatomic ions 2.To learn to name compounds containing polyatomic ions 3.To learn to write the formula for a compound, given its name Objectives

Section 2.8 Naming Simple Compounds Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 27 Naming Compounds That Contain Polyatomic Ions Polyatomic ions are charged entities composed of several atoms bound together. Must be memorized (see Table 2.5 on pg. 62.

Section 2.8 Naming Simple Compounds Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 28 Naming Compounds That Contain Polyatomic Ions Naming ionic compounds containing polyatomic ions follows rules similar to those for binary compounds. –ammonium acetate

Section 2.8 Naming Simple Compounds Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 29 Na 2 (SO 4 ) or Na 2 SO 4 KH 2 PO 4 (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 Li 2 SO 3 Fe(NO 3 ) 3 Mn(OH) 2 Na 2 CO 3 Pb(ClO 4 ) 4 Polyatomic Ions Class Practice (Use Table 2.5)

Section 2.8 Naming Simple Compounds Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 30 Formation of Ionic Compounds

Section 2.8 Naming Simple Compounds Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 31 Potassium hydroxide Sodium carbonate Cobalt (III) nitrate Calcium sulfite Lead (IV) acetate Ammonium perchlorate Polyatomic Ions Class Practice (Use Table 2.5)

Section 2.8 Naming Simple Compounds Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 32 Name the compound formed when Barium, Cobalt, and Nitrogen combine… Iron, Lithium, Neon…. Polyatomic Ions Class Practice (Use Table 2.5)

Section 2.8 Naming Simple Compounds Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 33 Exercise Which of the following compounds is named incorrectly? a) KNO 3 potassium nitrate b) TiO 2 titanium(II) oxide c) Sn(OH) 4 tin(IV) hydroxide d) PBr 5 phosphorus pentabromide e) CaCrO 4 calcium chromate

Section 2.8 Naming Simple Compounds Return to TOC What is the general formula for an ionic compound formed by elements in the following groups? Explain your reasoning and provide an example for each (name and formula). a.Group 1 with group 7 b.Group 2 with group 7 c.Group 1 with group 6 d.Group 2 with group 6

Section 2.8 Naming Simple Compounds Return to TOC An element forms an ionic compound with chlorine having the formula XCl2. The ion of element X has mass number 89 and 36 electrons. Identify element X and tell how many neutrons it has.

Section 2.8 Naming Simple Compounds Return to TOC nameproblemformulasystematic name barium dichloride carbon oxide copper (II) sulfate iron oxide diphosphorus pentoxide Explain any problems with each of the given names. Identify the formulas and provide the systematic name.

Section 2.8 Naming Simple Compounds Return to TOC nameproblemformulasystematic name potassium sulfide DiCopper Hydroxide sulfur hexafluoride magnesium phosphide calcium (II) nitrate

Section 2.8 Naming Simple Compounds Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 38 1.To learn the names of common polyatomic ions 2.To learn to name compounds containing polyatomic ions 3.To learn to write the formula for a compound, given its name 4.Work Session: Page 72 Polyatomic: 60, 63 (f,g binary) Mix 67 skip f, l, 64 1.Digital Version of Table 2.5Digital Version of Table 2.5 Objectives

Section 2.8 Naming Simple Compounds Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 39 Mixed Independent Practice (Use Table 2.5) ammonium sulfate Vanadium (V) fluoride disulfur dichloride Rubidium peroxide Aluminum oxide

Section 2.8 Naming Simple Compounds Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 40 Ca(OH) 2 Na 3 PO 4 KMnO 4 (NH 4 ) 2 Cr 2 O 7 Co(ClO 4 ) 2 KClO 3 Cu(NO 2 ) 2 Polyatomic Ions Independent Practice (Use Table 2.5)

Section 2.8 Naming Simple Compounds Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 41 Flowchart for Naming Binary Compounds