Ionic Compounds – a compound formed between a positive cation and a negative anion, usually a metal and a non-metal – something left of the jagged red line bonded to something from the right (far apart) Anions (negative component) changes its ending for “-ide” NaCl = sodium chloride LiF = lithium fluoride The subscripts (numbers) do not matter Ex: CaCl 2 = Calcium chloride Ch. 9 Nomenclature (Naming)

Covalent Compounds – a compound formed between two or more electronegative atoms who share their valence electrons. They are both greedy, and so they fight over the electrons Atoms from the right of the jagged red line bonded together Use the prefixes below and add the “-ide” ending mono - onedi – twotri – three tetra – fourpenta – fivehexa – six hepta - sevenocta - eightnona - ninedeca – ten CO 2 carbon dioxideNO 3 nitrogen trioxide N 2 O 5 dinitrogen pentoxideSO 4 sulfur tetroxide PO 4 phosphorus tetroxideS 5 I 8 pentasulfur octaiodide -if the first component is singular (one) you do not need to use mono

Polyatomic Ionic Compounds – compounds formed with one of the “package deal” compounds found on the memorization list. These are compounds that are formed from multiple greedy atoms, who still are trying to gain more electrons after bonding to each other. (If there are 3 or more kinds of elements, it is polyatomic) You just name them with an “ate” or “ite” ending. No prefixes See the other page for the ones you need to know Ca(SO 4 ) = calcium sulfateLi(NO 3 ) = lithium nitrate Mg 3 (PO 4 ) 2 = magnesium phosphate

Acids – atoms that have a hydrogen ion they can give off – they have an H first in their name If they are bonded to just one other element they are named with “hydro------ic acid” HCl = hydrochloric acidH 3 P = hydrophosphoric acid H 2 S = hydrosulfuric acid If they are bonded to a polyatomic compound they are named just “ ic acid” H(ClO 3 ) = chloric acidH 3 (PO 4 )= phosphoric acid H 2 (SO 4 ) = sulfuric acid

Transition Elements (d block) – these elements are found in the “non-representative” portion of the Periodic Table. You can’t be sure what their valence number is. So you use Roman Numerals to say which group the element acts like, it basically says how many active valence electrons it has (how many bonds it makes in a compound or what its positive “implied” charge is). CuO = copper (II) oxideCuF = copper (I) oxide FeCl = iron (I) chloride FeCl 3 = iron (III) chloride