Other Ancient World Religions Buddhism and Judaism

Siddhartha Gautama - “Buddha”  Founder of Buddhism  Called the Enlightened One  Originated in India

Beliefs of Buddhism  Reincarnation -soul is reborn  Recycle: birth, death, rebirth  Seek detachment from worldly desires  Four noble truths  Nirvana - release from selfishness and pain  Eightfold path -how to achieve nirvana  No caste system!  Reincarnation -soul is reborn  Recycle: birth, death, rebirth  Seek detachment from worldly desires  Four noble truths  Nirvana - release from selfishness and pain  Eightfold path -how to achieve nirvana  No caste system!

The Tripitaka  Holy book (doctrine)  Collection of sayings and rules for conduct  Holy book (doctrine)  Collection of sayings and rules for conduct

Sayings of Buddha  “You can search throughout the entire universe for someone who is more deserving of your love and affection than you are yourself, and that person is not to be found anywhere. You yourself, as much as anybody in the entire universe deserve your love and affection.”  “Thousands of candles can be lighted from a single candle, and the life of the candle will not be shortened. Happiness never decreases by being shared.”  “Whatever words we utter should be chosen with care for people will hear them and be influenced by them for good or ill.” Choose one of these quotes that stands out to you and think about what it means. Now let’s discuss!  “You can search throughout the entire universe for someone who is more deserving of your love and affection than you are yourself, and that person is not to be found anywhere. You yourself, as much as anybody in the entire universe deserve your love and affection.”  “Thousands of candles can be lighted from a single candle, and the life of the candle will not be shortened. Happiness never decreases by being shared.”  “Whatever words we utter should be chosen with care for people will hear them and be influenced by them for good or ill.” Choose one of these quotes that stands out to you and think about what it means. Now let’s discuss!

Eightfold Path  People can overcome their selfish desires by following the Eightfold Path  Selfish desires are immoral and one should live a moral life  People can overcome their selfish desires by following the Eightfold Path  Selfish desires are immoral and one should live a moral life

Effects on Society  Spread through trade  Silk Roads-what else do you think they traded?  Spread through trade  Silk Roads-what else do you think they traded?

Modern Traditions  Dalai Lama – leader of Tibetan Buddhism  Dec 8 – Bodhi Day – the day Siddhartha Guatama gained nirvana  Pacifists  Vegetarians  Dalai Lama – leader of Tibetan Buddhism  Dec 8 – Bodhi Day – the day Siddhartha Guatama gained nirvana  Pacifists  Vegetarians

Judaism

Origins  Canaan- Homeland  Hebrews believed it was promised to them by God  Torah- Holy Book  First 5 books of the Bible (Old Testament)  Most sacred writings  Some events actually happened  Stories told to teach important lessons

Abraham  Father of the Hebrews  Chosen by God  Made a covenant (promise) with God  Abraham promised to be faithful  God promised to protect his people

Hebrew Beliefs  Focus on moral conduct:  (Ten Commandments)  Worship of one God (monotheism)  Ethical monotheism  God will eventually send a savior (Messiah) to earth  Jews believe this has not happened yet  Believe in an afterlife— “ The World To Come”  Focus on moral conduct:  (Ten Commandments)  Worship of one God (monotheism)  Ethical monotheism  God will eventually send a savior (Messiah) to earth  Jews believe this has not happened yet  Believe in an afterlife— “ The World To Come”

 Rabbi  Leader of the synagogue (temple)  Sabbath  From sundown Friday to sundown on Saturday  “Star of David”  Symbol for Judaism Important Characteristics

Holidays  Rosh Hashanah  Jewish New Year  Yom Kippur-day of atonement  Fast for a day—all sins forgiven  Passover  Celebrates the exodus from Egypt  Hanukkah  Festival of lights  Around Christmastime  Bar Mitzvah  Coming of age celebration for boys  Bat Mitzvah  Coming of age celebration for girls  Rosh Hashanah  Jewish New Year  Yom Kippur-day of atonement  Fast for a day—all sins forgiven  Passover  Celebrates the exodus from Egypt  Hanukkah  Festival of lights  Around Christmastime  Bar Mitzvah  Coming of age celebration for boys  Bat Mitzvah  Coming of age celebration for girls

Journey from Ur to Egypt  Abraham was a shepherd from Ur in Mesopotamia.  Over time, the Hebrews moved from Ur to Canaan to Egypt  They were later forced into slavery in Egypt  Helped build the pyramids

Moses  Led the Hebrew escape from Egypt  Exodus  Spoke with God on Mount Sinai  Returned with the 10 Commandments  Hebrews wandered the Sinai for 40 years  Eventually returned to Canaan  Modern-day Israel

The 10 Commandments  Became the foundation for Jewish:  Religious law  Civil law  Became a “new covenant” between God and the Hebrews  God promised to protect the Hebrews  Hebrews promised to keep God’s commandments

The Origins of Judaism  On one side of your paper, create a Star of David. This symbol represents the rule of King David, one of the first rulers to unify the Jewish people.

The Star of David is made up of two triangles, pointing in opposite directions

Label and then define/explain these 6 terms around your Star of David (use your notes/discuss with a partner) The Origins of Judaism Monotheism Covenant Torah Ten Commandments Moses Abraham Write “Origins of Judaism in the middle of your star