Workshop on Demographic Analysis and Evaluation. Mortality: Assessing Completeness of Reporting الوفيات: تقييم مدى اكتمال الإبلاغ.

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Presentation transcript:

Workshop on Demographic Analysis and Evaluation

Mortality: Assessing Completeness of Reporting الوفيات: تقييم مدى اكتمال الإبلاغ

Adjustment of Mortality(التكيف للوفيات) In this part of the workshop we will cover indirect techniques for assessing the completeness of death reporting using:  The Brass’ Growth Balance Method  Hill’s Method في هذا الجزء من الحلقة نحن سوف تغطي الأساليب غير المباشرة لتقييم مدى اكتمال الإبلاغ عن الوفيات: أسلوب نمو التوازن "براس" أسلوب هيل 3

Brass' Growth-Balance Methodأسلوب النمو-التوازن براس" This technique estimates the completeness of reporting of deaths over age 5 in relation to information on population. It compares the distribution of deaths in relation to the distribution of population, both by age وتقدر هذه التقنية مدى اكتمال الإبلاغ عن الوفيات على مدى العمر 5 فيما يتعلق بالمعلومات المتعلقة بالسكان. فإنه يقارن توزيع الوفيات بالنسبة لتوزيع السكان، كلا حسب العمر.. Spreadsheet: GRBAL.xls 4

Brass' Growth-Balance Methodأسلوب النمو-التوازن براس" Data required: Deaths by age, preferably in 5-year age groups. Population with the same age and sex breakdown as deaths. If possible, the time reference for the population should be midyear of the year to which the deaths pertain. البيانات المطلوبة: الوفيات حسب العمر، يفضل أن يكون ذلك في الفئات العمرية من 5 سنوات. السكان حسب العمر والجنس نفس كحالة وفاة. إذا كان ذلك ممكناً، ينبغي أن تكون الإشارة الزمنية للسكان منتصف السنة للسنة التي تتعلق الوفيات. 5

Brass' Growth-Balance Methodأسلوب النمو-التوازن براس" Assumptions: The population is stable. Degree of completeness of deaths reporting is uniform above age 5 or 10 years. No age misreporting of the population or of deaths. الافتراضات: السكان مستقر. درجة اكتمال الإبلاغ عن الوفيات موحد فوق سن 5 أو 10 سنوات. لا يوجد سن نشر أنباء مضللة من السكان أو من حالات الوفاة. 6

Brass' Growth-Balance Methodأسلوب النمو-التوازن براس" Procedure: Calculate cumulated population for ages x and over by cumulated population reported in each age group 5+, 10+ … Calculate cumulated deaths for the same ages Calculate partial death rates: ratios of cumulated deaths to cumulated population Calculate partial birth rates: ratios of population age x to population ages x+ Plot the partial birth and death rates and fit a line to the plotted points الإجراء: حساب السكان المتراكمة للإعمار x واستولت عليها السكان المتراكمة التي ذكرت في كل فئة عمرية + 5، حساب الوفيات المتراكمة لحساب الإعمار نفس معدلات الوفاة الجزئية: نسب الوفيات المتراكمة للسكان المتراكمة حساب معدلات الولادة الجزئية: نسب السكان سن العاشر للسكان الذين تتراوح أعمارهم بين x + ارسم جزئية معدلات المواليد والوفيات وتناسب خط للنقاط المرسومة 7

Brass' Growth-Balance Methodأسلوب النمو-التوازن براس" 8

9

Brass' Growth-Balance Method 10

Brass' Growth-Balance Methodأسلوب النمو-التوازن براس" Procedure:  The slope of a fitted line represents completeness of coverage of deaths reporting  Deaths may then be adjusted using the completeness of coverage adjustment factor الإجراء:  المنحدر من خط تركيب يمثل اكتمال تغطية الوفيات الإبلاغ عن الوفيات  الوفيات يمكن تعديلها استخدام اكتمال تغطية عامل التكيف 11

Method implemented in PAS spreadsheet: 12 Spreadsheet: GRBAL.xls Brass' Growth-Balance Method

13 Spreadsheet: GRBAL.xls Brass' Growth-Balance Methodأسلوب النمو-التوازن براس" After required data are entered into the spreadsheet by the analyst, the spreadsheet will automatically apply the calculations described above, to fit lines to observed points… بعد إدخال البيانات المطلوبة في جدول البيانات بالمحلل، سيقوم تلقائياً بتطبيق جدول بيانات الحسابات المذكورة أعلاه، احتواء الأسطر إلى نقاط الملاحظة...

Brass' Growth-Balance Methodأسلوب النمو-التوازن براس" 14 Spreadsheet: GRBAL.xls

Brass' Growth-Balance Methodأسلوب النمو-التوازن براس" The analyst then has the following tasks: 1. Review observed points on graph. 2. Review lines fitted to observe points, as generated with the default age group settings of the PAS spreadsheet; and change the defaults as needed to improve fit of lines. (You will have two lines to work with.) 3. Identify the line with best fit. 4. Take note of the completeness measure and correction factor associated with line containing the best fit. 15 Program: GRBAL.xls

16 Brass' Growth-Balance Methodأسلوب النمو-التوازن براس" ثم قد المحلل بالمهام التالية: 1-استعراض لاحظ النقاط على الرسم البياني. 2-استعراض الخطوط المجهزة لمراقبة النقاط، كما تم إنشاؤه مع الإعدادات الافتراضية للفئة العمرية من جدول البيانات نظام تقييم الأداء؛ وقم بتغيير الإعدادات الافتراضية حسب الحاجة لتحسين تناسب خطوط. (سيكون لديك إلى العمل مع خطين). 3-تحديد الخط مع الاحتواء الأفضل. 4-تحيط علما باكتمال قياس وتصحيح معامل المرتبطة بالسطر الذي يحتوي على الاحتواء الأفضل. 16 Program: GRBAL.xls

Correction factors Completeness measures 17 Spreadsheet: GRBAL.xls Brass' Growth-Balance Methodأسلوب النمو-التوازن براس"

Advantage:  The technique provides an estimate of the coverage of deaths, and that estimate is remarkably robust to violation of the assumptions of the method. الميزة:  يوفر التقنية تقدير التغطية للوفيات، وهذا التقدير ملحوظ قوية لانتهاك الافتراضات المتعلقة الأسلوب. 18

Brass' Growth-Balance Methodأسلوب النمو-التوازن براس" Limitations:  Rapid changes in mortality or fertility will affect the results of the method.  Migration will also have an effect on the results if the age structure of the migrants differs from that of the population.  Age misreporting and differential completeness of reporting of population by age affect the estimated adjustment factor.  Estimation of completeness of deaths reporting refers only to ages

Hill's Generalized Growth-Balance Method هيل المعمم أسلوب توازن النمو Brass’ growth-balance method (Brass 1975, United Nations 1983) estimates completeness of deaths reporting beyond childhood under strong assumptions about the demographic stability of a population. 20

Hill’s generalization builds on the earlier work by Brass (Brass 1975, 1979; United Nations 1983), and the work by Martin (1980), and Preston and Hill (1980) but (1) allows for evaluation of either deaths or bracketing censuses, and (2) allows for an intercensal interval other than 5 years. Hill’s method estimates relative completeness of two census enumerations and of intercensal registered deaths. Hill's Generalized Growth-Balance Method هيل المعمم أسلوب توازن النمو 21

Hill's Generalized Growth-Balance Method Data required:  two censuses by age and sex  deaths by age and sex during the intercensal period (or an estimate of deaths for this period) 22

Hill's Generalized Growth-Balance Method Assumptions:  Population is closed to migration.  Population is demographically stable.  Completeness of death recording is constant at all ages above some childhood age “a.”  Completeness of census coverage is constant across ages. 23

Hill's Generalized Growth-Balance Method  Procedure:  The general equation (Hill 1987, p.9)  The growth rate 24

Person-years lived Entries to the population Intercensal deaths Hill's Generalized Growth-Balance Method 25

Hill's Generalized Growth-Balance Method  Final estimation equation 26

Hill's Generalized Growth-Balance Method  Final estimation equation Spreadsheet: HillGGB.xls 27

Hill's Generalized Growth-Balance Method 28

Hill's Generalized Growth-Balance Method 29

Hill's Generalized Growth-Balance Method 30