Citrus County Schools, Florida 1 COMPREHENSION INSTRUCTION Citrus: Literacy, Leaders, and Learners Developed by Becky Smith, David Jackson, and Debra Stanley

2 Literacy is… Listening Viewing Speaking Thinkingusing multiple symbol systems Reading Writing Expressing

3 Daily Non-negotiables Maintain a print-rich classroom Use the seven processes of literacy Read to and with students Teach/model/practice strategies of expert readers and writers Require independent reading with accountability Instruct phonics & phonemic awareness for K-1, and for others who have not reached mastery

Citrus County Schools, Florida 4 Comprehension: The National Reading Panel sites that comprehension is an active, interactive, strategic process that is critical to the development of reading.

5 What do expert readers do? Predict Clarify Visualize Question Connect Summarize Evaluate

6 How do we get there? Expert teachers introduce strategies, explain their purpose, model their use, and provide time for students to practice until the students use them independently. (Schwartz, 1997)

7 These are the strategies… PredictingClarifying SummarizingQuestioning VisualizingConnecting EvaluatingUse graphic organizers

8 This is the framework… Before Reading During Reading After Reading

9 Before Reading Strategies Clarify – vocabulary – text structure – purpose Connect – background knowledge Question Predict With graphic organizers

10 During Reading Strategies Visualize Question Predict, clarify, predict, clarify… Evaluate – comprehension – making connections Summarize – begin with small chunks of text With graphic organizers

11 After Reading Strategies Summarize – key points Connect – ideas Evaluate – text – personal extensions beyond the text Question further With graphic organizers

12 Narrative/Expository cards Before During After

Citrus County Schools, Florida Wrap Up