Facoltà di Scienze Economiche, Giuridiche e Politiche CdL Economia e Gestione dei Servizi Turistici UNIT 1 a.a. 2013/2014

Word Order in questions from are you where? Watch you do Tv? To music you what kind of listen to? English where you before did study? Are do what you weekend going this to? What is the right order in these questions?

Word Order in questions STRUCTURE QASI = Question word + Auxiliary +Subject+ Infinitive USING THE PRESENT SIMPLE: Where do you live with your parents? SIMPLE PAST : Where did you live with your parents?

Word Order in questions USING BE + PRESENT CONTINUOUS / GOING TO EXAMPLES: What are they doing? Is Ana a student? Where is he going to live?

Word Order in questions WHAT DO WE NOTICE IN THE QUESTIONS? 1.Questions in the Present Simple: do/does +subject + infinitive 2.Past Simple: did + subject + infinitive The subject goes after the auxiliary verb 3.To make questions with “Be”, we invert both the verb and the subject

We use the present simple for:  Routine, habits (what we usually do) Paul goes to school every day.  General statements Water freezes at 0° C.  Permanent situations I live in Cagliari

We use the present continuous for:  Situations happening at the moment, now (what we are doing now) Sue is having a shower  Temporary situations I usually go to school by bus, but buses are on strike today, so I'm going by car  Actions or activities and current projects that are taking place over a period of time (even if they are not taking place at the moment of speaking): I’ m reading a book by Stephen King  Future Programmes I am seeing my doctor at five o’clock.

DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES We use them to explain what a place, thing or person is or does. Example: This is the restaurant where we had dinner last week. REMEMBER! Who = for a person Where = for a place Which= for a thing

DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES They give detailed information defining a general term or expression and are not put in commas. Imagine, Tom is in a room with five girls. One girl is talking to Tom and you ask somebody whether he knows this girl. Here the relative clause defines which of the five girls you mean. Do you know the girl who is talking to Tom?

DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES Defining relative clauses are often used in definitions. Example: A seaman is someone who works on a ship. Object pronouns in defining relative clauses can be dropped. Example: The boy (who/whom) we met yesterday is very nice.

Prepositions A preposition is a word like `by', `for', `into', which describes a relationship between other words in a sentence. They come before nouns and pronouns and sometimes (rarely) before other words. There are different types of prepositions in English: of place, of space, time….

On, above, under, below, in, at, to, in front of, next to, opposite, near, behind, between The book is on the desk. The skirt is above the knee. The cat is under the bed. The TV is below the picture. The restaurant is opposite the train station, next to the flower shop. The church is in front of the garden. The post office is behind the bus stop.

PREPOSITIONS OF PLACE: AT, IN,ON Prepositions can be used to show where something is located. 1.AT It is used to show a specific place and position. For example: Someone is at the door. They are waiting at the bus stop

2. IN We use in to show that something is inside or surrounded. For example: The dog is in the garden. She is in a taxi. Put it in the box.

We also use in to show position inside towns, counties, states, countries, and continents. For example: I live in Cagliari They work in the USA.

3. ON We use on to show position on a horizontal or vertical surface. For example: The cat sat on the mat. She puts the magazine on the table.

We also use on to show position on streets, roads, etc. For example: She used to live on Oxford Street

PREPOSITIONS OF PLACE General Information: AT We use at for a point: at the window - at the entrance - at the door- at the end of the street - at the station - at the top Bill is waiting for you at the bus stop. ON We use on for a surface: on the wall - on the ceiling - on the floor - on a page -on a cover Have you seen the notice on the notice board? IN We use in for an enclosed space: in the garden - in the house - in London - in the water- in her bag - in a row - in a town There is nobody in the room. She lives in a small village.