M4/2/12; M4/4/11 LBJ’s Great Society (Ch. 30.3; pp ) Q: How successful was LBJ in creating his Great Society?

I.Overview New Deal Dem – FDR’s influence Sen. Maj. Leader – powerful “accidental president” Great Society & Vietnam

II. Initial Policies A. War on Poverty VISTA – dom. peace corps Job Corps Head Start – pre-K educ. public housing

II. Initial Policies (cont.) B. Civil Rights dedicate issue to JFK Southerner - TX important leg. – Civil Rights Act of 1964 – fed enforcement – Voting Rights Act of 1965 – after Selma C. Tax Reduction liberalism? $$$ for policies?

III Election A. Candidates -Barry Goldwater – Rep (AZ) -LBJ – Dem. (TX) - “moderate” -George Wallace challenged Dem B. Issues -civil rights -nuclear weapons -Vietnam -gov’t role -federal vs. state debate

III Election (cont.) C. Results “landslide Lyndon” – 61% - one of only 4 presidents to have 60+% Congressional majority – – 2/3 Dem – similar to ND – “full Johnson” massive leg. – modeled FDR’s 100 Days

IV. Great Society A. Medical – Medicare (elderly) – Medicaid (poor) B. Education – federal $$ to educ. – built off Sputnik’s role C. Civil Rights (more below) D. Arts & Humanities – NEA, – Public Broadcasting Act (1967) CPB, PBS, NPR

IV. Great Society E. Immigration Reform – Immigration & Nationality Act of 1965 (Hart-Cellar Act) Loosens restrictions Latinos, Asians F. Environment & Pollution – Clean Water Act – Clean Air Act – eventual creation of EPA (under Nixon) G. New Cabinet Positions – – Transp. & HUD Robert C. Weaver (1 st African-Amer.) 1966 HUD

IV. Great Society (cont.) -Great Society -requires lots of $$$ -where is money? Vietnam

V. Civil Rights A. Civil Rights Organizations – CORE – older – SCLC – religious leaders – SNCC – later, youth – NAACP – older, more m-c different goals, esp. over time B. Civil Rights Act of 1964 – ends de jure seg. – federal enforcement – limited voting rights

V. Civil Rights (cont.) C. MS Freedom Summer Project – register black voters college students biracial – white resistance – 3 c.r. workers disappear “Mississippi Burning” – federal role - FBI

V. Civil Rights (cont.) D. Selma, AL – MLK – 1965 – continued abuses – police brutality – role of TV – white sympathy E. Voting Rights Act of 1965 – federal enforcement – S. black voting 1M →3.1M – S. black political voice

V. Civil Rights F. Riots & “Long Hot Summers”, – Watts (LA) – Aug – Detroit, Newark, many cities – MLK ass’n – April 1968 southern vs. northern black experience resentment towards de facto seg & racism urban blight “white flight” – gov’t response – Kerner Report – white backlash (more on 1968 election)

V. Civil Rights (cont.) G. Black Radicalism other black voices 1. Nation of Islam – Elijah Muhammed – Malcolm X 2. Black Panthers (Oakland, CA) – Huey Newton, – H. Rap Brown 3. Black Power – Stokely Carmichael (formerly of SNCC)

VI. Impact of Civil Rights A. Impact on other Minority Groups – “Balkanization” – gender/ethnic/racial identity – used similar methods Native Americans – AIM Latinos – Cesar Chavez/bilingual educ. Asian Americans Gays/Lesbians

VI. Impact of Civil Rights B. Women – Feminist movement – Betty Friedan – Feminine Mystique – NOW (National Organization for Women) – ERA Amendment gender equity – birth control pill sexual revolution

VII. Warren Court liberal court expansion of rights of criminals – Wainwright v. Gideon – public defender – Mapp v. Ohio – obtaining of evidence – Miranda v. Arizona – “read your rights”