What led to the Civil War? Explain the importance of key issues and events that led to the Civil War; include slavery, states’ rights, nullification, Missouri Compromise, Compromise of 1850 and the Georgia Platform, Kansas-Nebraska Act, Dred Scott case, election of 1860, the debate over secession in Georgia and the role of Alexander Stephens.

1. Slavery Slavery was not allowed in Georgia until the early 1750s. Slavery grew due to Georgia’s agricultural based economy. However, slavery grew exponentially with the invention of the cotton gin.

Philosophical shift Many of the nation’s founding fathers disliked slavery and hoped that later generations would end it, but in the South, the opposite happened. Focused on greed and profit, Southern sons and grandsons defended slavery as a “necessary evil” and began infringing on the rights of those who spoke out against slavery. Read the following Article and Answer the questions provided: Slavery in Antebellum Georgia

Chart It Looking at page 133 of “Statistics on Slavery” create a Graph Create a line graph that shows the amount of slaves in the entire U.S. over time Be sure you have a title, label the x and y axis, and you use colors to represent the different lines. Make sure you also make a key to identify the different colors. I had previously wanted you to do a graph on the back showing the difference in slavery between the colony groups. However, that graph proved to be too difficult. Instead, look at the data when answering the questions. You can use the graph on the back of the page if you mess up on the first graph. Then answer the following questions on the next slide on the back.

Graph Questions Number and answer these on the Graph paper What can you conclude about the slave population in the U.S. prior to the Civil War? What were the major differences between the Northern States and the Southern States? Why do you think Slavery was such a big issue in the Southern States?

Meanwhile…in the North Frederick Douglass William Lloyd Garrison Harriet Beecher Stowe Called for the end of slavery! Abolition! Freedom!

Abolition Movement The goal of the abolitionist movement was the immediate emancipation of all slaves and the end of racial discrimination and segregation. Advocating for immediate emancipation distinguished abolitionists from more moderate anti-slavery advocates who argued for gradual emancipation, and from free-soil activists who sought to restrict slavery to existing areas and prevent its spread further west.

SOAPS Activity If your last name starts with A-G read the following and complete the SOAPS activity: Reading If your last name starts with H-N read the following and complete the SOAPS activity : If your last name starts with O-Z read the following and complete the SOAPS activity

The abolitionist movement along with economic differences causes a rift between the south and the north

They tried to solve the problem The Northern and Sothern states came up with agreements or compromises to solve the problem

Missouri compromise Concern: If Missouri is allowed in the Union, there would be more slave states than free which would alter the balance of power in the Senate to the slave slates. Compromise: Maine is allowed to enter as a free state. PLUS, Congress forbids slavery north of the 36/30 parallel (which is the southern border of Missouri) Missouri Compromise serves as band aid solution for almost 30 years, with states being admitted into the Union in free and slave pairings.

Compromise 1850 Due to the Gold Rush, California’s population enabled it to apply for statehood; however, there was no slave state available to balance the entry of a free one which continued the conflict between the North and South. The South had a smaller population than the North and feared losing the balance of power in the Senate. Southern states feared the Northern states would end slavery and thus some Southerners started talking about secession.(Which would have started the Civil War a decade earlier.)

Compromise 1850 California would be added as a “free” state… … the Northern states agreed to Fugitive Slave Act Northern Congressmen agreed to pass the Fugitive Slave Act, which guaranteed the return of any runaway slave to their owners if slave was captured in the North.

Georgia Platform Georgians Alexander Stephens & Robert Toombs paved the way for the Southern states’ ratification of the Compromise of 1850. Read the following article and answer the questions provided in your packet: http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/history-archaeology/georgia-platform Using the actual platform provided in your packet, please mark the document using the “how to mark a document” guide provided and then answer the questions provided Here is the actual platform so you can have the document digitally: Platform

Kansas-Nebraska Act Only four years after the Compromise of 1850 was passed, another conflict over slavery erupted. In 1854, the Kansas-Nebraska Act was passed. This act repealed the Missouri Compromise and permitted the possibility of slavery being allowed above the 36/30 parallel. Illinois Senator Stephen Douglas believed in popular sovereignty, the ability for states to decide for themselves if they would be free or slave.

Analyze

Bleeding kansas Kansas flooded by BOTH pro and anti-slavery supporters who came to the state to vote for or against the institution of slavery. Violence erupted. With all the bloodshed, Kansas became known as “Bleeding Kansas.”

Two Options (Pick one of the two options below) Option 1-Create an Colorful Advertisement Option 2-Create an Article Draw an advertisement convincing anti-slavery people from the north to move to Nebraska and vote for the abolition of slavery. Be sure to use information gained in previous readings to draw on the evils of slavery and why the Northern states would want the practice to be abolished. Be sure it is completely colored from edge to edge of the page. Imagine you are a reporter and write an editorial about the Kansas-Nebraska act. You can write it from the perspective of a northern or southern newspaper. However, be sure that your article has a title and that it covers the major point. I want this e-mailed to me so this page will be blank on your packet. I want it to be 300 words or more and I want it to be written at an 8th grade writing level. Copy and paste it to the following site in order to determine it’s level: http://writingtester.com/tester/grade_level.php

1857 Dred Scott Case Supreme Court rules in favor of the Southern States Dred Scott is a slave taken by his master to Illinois and Wisconsin. Upon his return to Missouri, Scott sues the state based on the belief that his time in the free states made him a free man. Court rules that slaves and freed blacks are not citizens of the U.S. and do not have the right to sue. Read the following article and answer the questions provided: http://www.history.com/topics/black-history/dred-scott-case