Interpretation and Definition of Classical Mythology Week 1.

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Presentation transcript:

Interpretation and Definition of Classical Mythology Week 1

What is myth? mythos (word, speech, story)

Simple Definition of Myth A traditional story

How are myths transmitted? Oral Literature Painting Sculpture Music Dance Drama Cinema

Types of myth Divine myth, true myth Saga or legend Folktale

Reasons for Myths Often “etiological” –Causes, origins, explanatory

Saga or legend Humans, usually aristocracy Rooted in fact “History” Saga = “spoken” Legend = “to be read”

Folktale Ordinary humans and animals Universal experiences Fantastic adventures Fable = animals Fairytale = traditional, magical, moral

Myth and Religion “Closely entwined”

Greek Sources Homer (epic): Iliad, Odyssey Homeric Hymns Hesiod: Theogony Lyric: Pindar Tragedy: Aeschylus, Sophocles, Euripides Comedy: Aristophanes

Roman Sources Vergil (epic): Aeneid Ovid: Metamorphoses

Other Sources Vase paintings Wall paintings Sculpture

Vase Paintings

Wall Paintings

Sculpture

Historical Background of Classical Mythology Chapter 2

Heinrich Schliemann

Sir Arthur Evans

Bronze Age 3000 – 1100 B.C. –Early: 3000 – 2000 –Middle: 2000 – 1600 –Late: 1600 – 1100 Crete = Minoan Islands = Cycladic Mainland: Helladic

Minoan Civilization Crete Cnossus (Knossos) thalassocracy Minos Sir Arthur Evans minotaur labyrinth Theseus

Minoan pinnacle: B.C.

Mycenaean Age Mycenaeans dominate Minoans. Fortified palaces on mainland.

Mycenaean pinnacle: 1600– 1100 B.C. Mycenae Tiryns Pylos Heinrich Schliemann

Mycenaean Age

Trojan War Asia Minor Hellespont Heinrich Schliemann Hissarlik Fall of Troy: 1184 B.C. Troy VI: 1250 B.C.

Trojan War

Iron Age: 1100-ca. 800 B.C. “Dorian” Invasion Dark Age Homer, ca. 750 B.C. Greek alphabet

Age of Colonization: 800 – 600 B.C.

City States Athens and Sparta Parthenon: 438 B.C.

Athens

Hellenistic Age: B.C. 323 B.C.: Alexander’s death 30 B.C.: Final defeat of Cleopatra and end of the Ptolemaic dynasty

Rome 753 B.C.: Romulus and Remus 27 B.C. – 14 A.D.: Age of Augustus

Rome