Objectives: Identify principles of classification Catalyst: Label all the major kingdoms you can think of.

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Presentation transcript:

Objectives: Identify principles of classification Catalyst: Label all the major kingdoms you can think of.

CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS

Aristotle “an old white guy” Classified everything as plants or animals… why would we need more classes than that?

Carolus Linnaeus ( ) Invented the field of systematics and binomial nomenclature.

TAXONOMY aka “systematics” the study of the classification of all living things

WHY CLASSIFY? Sets up an organized system so scientists can communicate. Shows evolutionary linkages between organisms.

The Hierarchical System Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species

BINOMIAL NOMENCLATURE the system used to identify all organisms using a two part Latin name

Keys to Binomial Nomenclature Felis domesticus Must be in Latin Must be in italics or underlined Genus (1 st word) must be capitalized Species must be lowercase

Examples of Common Scientific Names Canis familiaris - dog Felis domesticus - cat Canis lupus - wolf Vulpes vulpes - fox Populus deltoides - cottonwood

We use Latin so that every language can identify the species Everyone knows Wu-Tang Everyone can identify lynx- rufus b/c it can be identified in any language

There are estimated to be 5-10 million species in this world. We have scientifically identified 1.5 million of them.

Archaebacteria One Cell Prokaryotic Sessile Decomposer / Autotroph

Eubacteria One Cell Prokaryotic Sessile Decomposer/ Autotroph

*WAS DISCOVERED IN 1976 *UNICELLULAR MARINE ORGANISM *BELIEVED TO BE SIMILAR TO THE BACTERIA WHICH EVOLVES TO FORM CHLOROPLAST

Protista Single celled / simple multicellular Eukaryotic Sessile / Motile Heterotrophs and Autotrophs Includes organisms that “don’t fit”

Can be found in pond water Gets it’s name from Greek word amoibe Has no permanent shape Multiplies by dividing into 2

Fungi One or many Eukaryotic Chitin in wall (soft cell wall) Heterotrophic / Takes food Sessile Reproduce by spores

Discovered by Alexander Fleming In London,England Discovered in st miracle drug Used to treat wound infections

Plantae Multi Cell Eukaryotic Cells with cellulose in cell wall Sessile (some motile) Autotrophic Photosynthetic

Most abundant maple tree in New York tree in New York Official state tree of New York Can be found in the eastern United States

and timber spices Produces maple syrup

Animalia Many Cells Eukaryotic Cells without walls Motile Heterotrophic / Takes food

Is found in Central Asia Weights lbs meters long

Snow leopards are able to kill prey twice their size. Snow leopards are nocturnal. Cubs are born blind.

FOUR QUESTIONS: 1)One or many cells? 2)Prokaryote or Eukaryote? 3)Sessile or Motile? 4)Take or Make food?

3 Domain System A way to classify items for Molecular Biologists (which I hope one of you becomes some day!) Instead of Six Kingdoms… three domains Bacteria, Archae, Eukarya