Research and Sources 19 August, 2015 By the end of the tutorial, you should be able to: *understand why research is necessary in an academic community *demonstrate academic integrity in your writing *distinguish between quoting, paraphrasing and summarising when citing the work of others *use APA style of documentation to acknowledge the work of others *commence research for your Assignments 1 and 2

Activity A: Why should students and scholars perform and cite research? Discuss in pairs. Jot brief notes.

What is the difference between primary and secondary sources of information? Discuss in pairs whether the following are secondary or primary sources:

Activity B: What is the difference between primary and secondary sources of information? Why is this distinction important? [Think about the purpose of one’s writing and bias.]

Activity C: What factors do you think are relevant when assessing the reliability of information you choose to cite? Discuss in groups. What is the intention of the article? When published? The origin of the source (wiki, peer-reviewed journal) Who – reputation Accuracy of the data Audience? How complete is the data? Are there more up to date sources? What is the sponsoring organisation?

Activity D: Comment on the reliability of the following sources of information in groups. Can you justify your ideas? Think about the factors from Activity C.

Discuss the reliability of this website: Pages/Overview.aspx Pages/Overview.aspx

Activity E: In groups, discuss the following questions and make brief notes. 1) What is plagiarism? 2) What are the consequences of plagiarism? 3) What can you do to avoid plagiarism?

Activity F: In groups, discuss what is the distinction between the following ways of citing researched information? Give examples of when you might apply these techniques. 1) paraphrasing; 2) summarising; 3) direct quotation

Use direct quotations only when only when necessary (sparingly). Activity F: What is the distinction between the following ways of citing researched information? Give examples of when you might apply these techniques. 1) paraphrasing; 2) summarising; 3) direct quotation

Framing 1)Introduce your quote or paraphrase 2)Quote or paraphrase 3)Analysis in your own words which shows how this source fits into (supports) your argument See geid=icb.page350379

Cummings et al. (2002) reviewed an additional study conducted in 1999 by the HomeNet project. In this project, Kraut, Mukhopadhyay, Szczypula, Kiesler, and Scherlis (1999) compared the value of using computer-mediated communication (CMC) and non-CMC to maintain relationships with partners. They found that participants corresponded less frequently with their Internet partner (5.2 times per month) than with their non-Internet partner (7.2 times per month) (as cited in Cummings et al., 2002). This difference does not seem significant, as it is only two times less per month. However, in additional self-report surveys, participants responded feeling more distant, or less intimate, towards their Internet partner than their non- Internet partner. This finding may be attributed to participants’ beliefs that is an inferior mode of personal relationship communication.

Activity G Refer to an APA reference guide. With a partner put the following scrambled end-references in an order consistent with the APA Style (6 th Edition). How would the in-text citation appear? The first one has been done for you. Refer to Purdue Online Writing Lab

Institute for Transportation Development Policy. (n.d.). Jakarta. Retrieved from we-work/indonesia/jakarta/ in-text: … (Institute for Transportation Development Policy, n.d.)

Look at the following list of verbs and decide where to place them in the table below. The first few have been done for you. You may refer to a dictionary like: