Cells The line between life and not-life Start at 6 mins.

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Presentation transcript:

Cells The line between life and not-life Start at 6 mins

Main topics Cell theory Cell organelles – DNA – Cell membrane Osmosis + diffusion – Enzymes Bacteria and viruses

Objectives Cells are the basic structures of all living things DNA is a self-replicating molecule in the nucleus that carries genetic info

You need to know… The cell theory How to identify prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells How to recognize the form and function of cell organelles How to explain the role of macromolecules in cell transport That DNA is made of nucleotides (A,T,G,C)

Vocab 1/2 Eukaryote Prokaryote – Bacteria Virus Homeostasis Semi-permeable/selectively permeable Osmosis Diffusion

Vocab 2/2 Solution = solute + solvent Equilibrium Replication Double helix Chromosome Catalyst Substrate

Why are cells considered the building blocks of life?

What is a cell? Sacs of fluid reinforced by proteins, and surrounded by membranes. Smallest part of an organism that retains characteristics of the entire organism. – Take in fuel, convert it to energy, and eliminate wastes Smallest unit of life

The cell theory 1.All organisms are composed of one or more cells 2.The cell is the basic unit of structure and organization in organisms 3.All cells come from pre-existing cells

What is a virus Non-living Needs a host (cell), cannot reproduce on its own (quick explanation)(quick explanation)

The two types of cells Prokaryote – No nucleus Eukaryote – Most common

Prokaryote

Membrane and rigid CELL WALL outside the membrane (support) DNA in the cytoplasm (are called the nucleoid) Ribosomes make proteins in the cytoplasm Breaks down food using cell respiration and another metabolism called FERMENTATION Examples: Bacteria and archaea

Eukaryote

Most common type of cell Larger than prokaryotes, but still inhabit the microbial world Contains a NUCLEUS and membrane-bound organelles

Organelles 1/2 Cell membrane Cell wall Nucleus Mitochondria Chloroplast (plants only) Rough and smooth ER Ribosomes Golgi apparatus

Organelles 2/2 Centrioles Cytoplasm Cytoskeleton Vacuole Lysosome

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