Ch. 5 Test Review Colonial Expansion and Life in the Colonies

Colonial Expansion (Unit 2) Ch. 5 Charles de Montesquieu He defined the principle of separation of powers, calling for a system of checks and balances in government John Locke Created a doctrine of natural rights which outlined the fundamental rights all humans should enjoy: life, liberty, and property. Promoted the idea that government develops at the consent of the governed and is designed to protect citizens’ natural rights. It can be dissolved if the citizens believe that their government fails to act in their best interests William Blackstone An enlightenment thinker, Blackstone believed human laws were like scientific laws. They were creations of God waiting to be discovered just as Isaac Newton had discovered the laws of gravity a century before. Also known as the father of English Common Law. Biographical Glossary

Magna Carta English document that granted rights to noblemen and freemen. Limited the power of the king included the ideas of due process and the right to a fair and speedy trial. The English viewed it as a guarantee of law and justice. English Bill of Rights English Document that guaranteed certain rights to English citizens and declared that elections for Parliament would happen frequently. It supported a limited monarchy, a system of shared power with Parliament and the people. Proclamation of 1763 After the French and Indian War, the proclamation, in effect, closed off the frontier to colonial expansion. The proclamation excluded the rich Ohio Valley and all territory from the Ohio to the Mississippi rivers from settlement. American colonists were very unhappy with its passing and it was the first step towards the Revolution. Document Glossary

House of Burgesses 1619 The First Representative Body in the colonies; Virginia Mayflower Compact 1620 first system of self- government in America. Fundamental Orders of Connecticut 1639 the first constitution in the American colonies; extended voting rights to non-church members and limited the powers of the governor, expanded ideas of representative government Magna Carta 1215 granted rights to noblemen and freemen. Limited power of the king English Bill of Rights 1689 supported a limited monarchy, gov’t based of laws made by parliament provided a system of shared power; rights given to ALL Englishmen

Jamestown -1 st perm. English settlement Mayflower Compact – 1 st system of self- gov’t New England Southern Colonies Middle Colonies GA SC NC VA MD DE NJ PA NY CT RI NH MA Long winters, rocky soil, timber, fishing, shipbuilding, whaling subsistence farming, good soil, warm climate Hot climate, fertile soil, cash crops, plantation system Appalachian Mtns

8. The 13 colonies were divided into 3 regions: New England Colonies Middle Colonies Southern Colonies Use p.117 in your book to trace an outline of the 13 colonies and label and color the 3 different regions. Super STAAR 130 Greatest American History Facts: Colonization thru Reconstruction

1. Mercantilism is an economic system in which the mother country controls the trade of its colonies. Mercantilism Super STAAR 130 Greatest American History Facts: Colonization thru Reconstruction

9. The involved England and the 13 colonies fighting against France and the Native Americans for control of the Ohio River Valley. It resulted in increased taxation and violation of certain rights. French & Indian War Super STAAR 130 Greatest American History Facts: Colonization thru Reconstruction

10. The Treaty of Paris of 1763 ended the French and Indian War. The debt from the war led to increased British taxation of the colonies. Your Coercive Acts are Intolerable! ‘Ere’s your tea, MATE! Poop on your duty. Treaty of Paris of 1763 Super STAAR 130 Greatest American History Facts: Colonization thru Reconstruction Wanna see me get tarred & feathered?

11. Ben Franklin wrote the Albany Plan of Union – “Join or Die!” encouraging the colonies to unite against the French during the French & Indian War. Albany Plan of Union Super STAAR 130 Greatest American History Facts: Colonization thru Reconstruction

12. The Proclamation of 1763 limited the colonies from expanding west of the Appalachian Mountains Do not go in there! (By order of the British.) Proclamation Super STAAR 130 Greatest American History Facts: Colonization thru Reconstruction