HIST 2509 A History of Germany Lecture W3-2 The 1920s.

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Presentation transcript:

HIST 2509 A History of Germany Lecture W3-2 The 1920s

TA Office Hours Meaghan Harris (L-Z 2% applied to final grade) Paterson Hall Friday January 20 1:00-2:30 Tuesday January 24 11:30-1:00

TA Office Hours Margaret Watts (A-K 2% not applied -- I will do this on spreadsheet, no worries!) Dunton Tower Wednesday January 18, pm Friday January 20, am

Today’s Main Themes postwar chaos social, cultural features of 1920s what would Hitler come to decry as “decadent” and “ungerman”

I. The Face of Defeat a.The revolution of 1918/19 b.b. the Weimar Constitution – the Basic Law -women’s suffrage -universal manhood suffrage c. the Versailles Diktat -Wilson’s 14 points -the dictated peace -reparations -John Maynard Keynes

September 1, 1923

A woman feeds a stovepipe with RM From the Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung Archive

II. Political Unrest a. putsches and coups b. assassinations c. inflation d. reparations and Ruhr occupation e. gradual international acceptance at least for a time

-Kapp-Putsch 1920, Luettzow Putsch -Beer Hall Thuringia and Saxony a. putsches and coups Kapp-Putschists spreading leaflets in front of Reichs Chancellery in Berlin DHM Berlin, 13. März 1920

b. assassinations EnzenbergerRathenau Eisner

-Ruhr and Rhineland -passive resistance -Rhineland BastardsRhineland Bastards Hands off the Ruhr! Anti-French placard by Theo Matejko from 1923 DHM c. inflation 1923 d. reparations and occupation

-Locarno, Dawes, Young Plans -the infirm -600,000 war widows -2.7 million veterans -6 million children lost one or both parents -rift between l and r gone? e. stabilization and acceptance f. integration: healing of past wounds? From the series, Victims of the First World War, 1933

until 1924: -hunger still a feature of life -pacifism vs. militarism (Stahlhelm, veterans organizations) -anti-semitism in wake of war f. integration: healing of past wounds? Germany’s Children are Starving, by Käthe Kollwitz, 1924

III. Weimar Culture(s) a.experimentalism in art and life Potsdamer Platz, Berlin 1925

III. Weimar Culture(s) a.experimentalism in art and life -Neue Sachlichkeit (new sobriety) -veterans but angered by the war -Georg Grosz and Otto Dix *seen as communist, Jewish, and decadent by right

Otto Dix soldier, veteran, artist

Anti-war themes Otto Dix, Gas Attack, 1925

Otto Dix, Mealtime in the Trenches, 1923/34

Georg Grosz, artist, communist

Social Critique Georg Grosz Republican Automatons, 1920

Social Critique Georg Grosz Life in Berlin, 1930

Sexuality and Modernity Otto Dix The Metropolis, 1917

Sexuality and Modernity Otto Dix

Sexuality and Modernity Graf St. Genois d’Anneaucourt Christian Schad1927

Sexuality and Modernity Christian Schad Self Portrait with Nude 1927

Sexuality and Modernity Otto Dix, The French Journalist 1927

Bauhaus Walter Gropius

Film -- German Expressionism The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari, 1920

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