VERTEBRATES

Vertebrates Classification Domain: Eukarya Kingdom:Anamilia Phylum:Chordata Subphylums:Cephalochordata Urochordata Vertebrata

CLASSIFICATION OF ANIMALS - MAJOR PHYLA I. PHYLUM CHORDATA 1. Characteristics a. Bilateral symmetry b. Coelom - 3 tissue layers c. Single, dorsal nerve cord d. Notochord e. Gill slits f. tail

Figure 34.2 Chordate characteristics

Classification Subphylums: Cephalochordata – Lancelets Urochordata –Tunicates Vertebrata – animals with back bones Vertebrates

Subphylum Vertebrata Fish (3 Classes) Amphibia Reptiles (2 Classes) Aves Mammalia Vertebrates

Vertebrata Fish – ectothermic – 2 chambered heart – sexual reproduction – scales covering body – *first to have jaws*

Vertebrates Vertebrata Amphibia – ectothermic – live in water and *moist land* – metamorphosis egg -> tadpole -> adult – walking – 3 chambered heart – *some have lungs*, some breathe through skin -> soft moist skin

Vertebrates Vertebrata Reptiles – ectothermic – aquatic & terrestrial *can live on dry land* – scales (made of keratin) – reproduce on land (leathery eggs) – some have a 4 chambered heart

Vertebrates Vertebrata Reptiles

Vertebrates Vertebrata Aves – *endothermic* – covered in feathers – lay eggs (hard shell) – have scales on legs – 4 chambered heart – terrestrial habitats

Vertebrates Vertebrata Aves

Vertebrates Vertebrata Mammalia – endothermic – covered in hair – *nurse their young* mammary glands produce milk – 4 chambered hearts – modified limbs – aquatic and terrestrial – lay eggs, finish development in pouches, birth fully developed animals

Vertebrates Vertebrata Mammalia

III. ADAPTATIONS IN ANIMALS A. Behavior 1. Anything an animal does in response to a stimuli in its environment 2. Innate Behavior 3. Learned Behavior B. Defense 1. Mechanical 2. Chemical 3. Camouflage