Wireless standards Unit objective Compare and contrast different wireless standards Install and configure a wireless network Implement appropriate wireless security measures

Topic A Topic A: Wireless standards Topic B: Install and configure wireless networks Topic C: Implement wireless security

The 802.1x standard Frequency band divisions –Military –Broadcasters –Amateur radio operators Broadcast signal is a security issue IEEE 802.1x –Port-based authentication framework for access to Ethernet networks –Designed for wired Ethernet networks –Applies to WLANs continued

802.1x, continued Requires three roles in authentication process –Device requesting access –Authenticator –Authentication server Allows multiple authentication algorithms Is an open standard

The standard Operates in 2.4–2.5 GHz band Used for wireless networks OSI Data Link layer Two ways to configure a network –Ad hoc –Infrastructure Places specifications on Physical and MAC layers

Access point Transparent bridge between wireless clients and wired network Includes –At least one interface to connect to wired network –Transmitting equipment to connect with wireless clients –IEEE 802.1D bridging software

Major wireless protocols StandardSpeedsFrequencyIndoor distance Outdoor distance Interference b<= 11 Mbps 2.4 GHz45 m90 mYes a<= 54 Mbps 5 GHz15 m30 mNo; Not compatible with b g20+ Mbps Advertised 54 Mbps 2.4 GHz45 m90 mYes; Compatible with b n<= 600 Mbps 2.4 or 5 GHz 70 m250 mNo; Compatible with g, b, a <= 11 Mbps 10–66 or 2–11 GHz 31 milesNo

Device compatibility a not compatible with b –Some devices equipped to support either a or b n backward-compatible with b and g –Many modern access points support multiple standards

Channels g and b use 2.4–2.5 GHz with 11 channels 5 MHz apart Most routers default to channel 6 Closely located wireless networks using the same or adjacent channels can interfere with one another Can change the default channel on the wireless AP to decrease interference –Apply to both AP and its clients

Channel bonding Allows devices to use two adjacent channels at once Doubles bandwidth Primary or control channel Secondary or extension channel Works with both 2.4 and 5 GHz frequencies Works best in 5 GHz band with n standard

MIMO Multiple-input and multiple-output Pronounced my-moh or me-moh Uses multiple antennas at both transmitter and receiver Increases data throughput and wireless link range Available in n and g Not suitable for long-range point-to- point links using external antenna

Activity A-1 Comparing wireless networking standards

Topic B Topic A: Wireless standards Topic B: Install and configure wireless networks Topic C: Implement wireless security

networking Wireless NICs Access point –Speeds –Placement

Configuration options Encryption Firmware updates Change default administrator accounts Change default SSID Disable SSID RADIUS DMZ Disable DHCP MAC filtering 802.1X

Activity B-1 Configuring a wireless access point (instructor demo)

Configuring wireless clients Windows Zero Configuration Options 802.1X

RADIUS Authentication RADIUS client requests from APs Shared keys

Activity B-2 Configuring a wireless client (instructor demo)

Topic C Topic A: Wireless standards Topic B: Install and configure wireless networks Topic C: Implement wireless security

Wireless security Access control Encryption Authentication Isolation

Transmission encryption WEP WPA Personal WPA2 WPA Enterprise RADIUS i EAP, LEAP, PEAP

Activity C-1 Discussing wireless security measures

Unit summary Compared and contrasted different wireless standards Installed and configured a wireless network Implemented appropriate wireless security measures