Blood Genetics Multiple Alleles - More than 2 alleles, BUT … A BO You will only inherit 2 of the 3 alleles

Co-Dominant Allele A and Allele B are equally Dominant, Allele O is recessive to both A and B A BO Multiple Alleles

Allele A produces Antigen A Allele B produces Antigen B Allele O produces NO Antigen Antigen is a type of protein A BO

Phenotype (blood type) Possible genotype(s) Antigen on RBC Antibody in Plasma Can Donate to Blood Types A B AB O AA or AO BB or BO Anti-B Anti-A Anti-A Anti-B A and AB B and AB AB OO None AB All Blood Types A A A B B B A B A B A B

Vocab Agglutination To Clump or to Clot, this is due to the ……… Antibody – Antigen Reaction Antigen A + Antibody A = Agglutination Antigen B + Antibody A = NO Agglutination Antigen A + Antibody B = NO Agglutination Antigen B + Antibody B = Agglutination

Anti-A Anti-B BloodType AB BloodType A BloodType B BloodType O

Phenotype (blood type) Possible genotype(s) Antigen on RBC Antibody in Plasma Can Donate to Blood Types A B AB O AA or AO BB or BO Anti-B Anti-A Anti-A Anti-B A and AB B and AB AB OO None AB All Blood Types A A A B B B A B A B A B

Autologous Transfusion (advantage/disadvantage) Homologous Transfusion (advantage/disadvantage)

Mom’s Phenoty pe Dad’s Phenoty pe Mom’s Possible Genotype Dad’s Possible Genotype Kids’ Possible Genotypes Kids’ Possible Blood Types Blood Types NOT Possible for Kids AA AB AAB AO BB B BO O OO

Practice Story Problems 1. What is the chance that a couple with O blood type could have a child with type A blood?

Practice Story Problems 1. What is the chance that a couple with O blood type could have a child with type A blood? P OO x OO F 1 all are Type O Blood No Type A Kids

2. Junior has type B blood and his dad has type A blood. What blood types could mom have?

Junior B ? Dad A ? Mom ? ? Type B Or Type AB

3. Could 2 parents that have type AB blood produce a child that has type O blood?

NO! AB x AB

4. Mom has type A blood and dad has type B blood. What is the chance that juniorette could have type O blood?

Mom = AA or AODad = BB or BO If AA x BB = O% chance of O child If AA x BO = O% chance of O child If AO x BB = O% chance of O child If AO x BO = 25% chance of O child 0% to 25% chance of Type O depending on the Genotypes of both the Parents

Rh Factor Rh is an antigen (protein) found on the RBC Rh + = Protein is Present, RR or Rr Rh - = Protein is absent, rr Rh Factor follows the Law of Dominance NOT Co-Dominant NOT Multiple Alleles

TypeA Type B Rh Agglutination – ‘clumping’ of Antigen Antibody Reaction to determine Bloodtypes TypeA Type B

Can Rh + donate blood to Rh - ? Can Rh - donate blood to Rh + ?

Rhesus Factor ???

Rh factor refers to a protein found in blood (rhesus protein). The phenotypes are either Rh positive (protein is present in the blood) or Rh negative 1.Mom is B positive and dad is A positive. Junior is O negative. What are the genotypes of mom, dad and junior?

Rh factor refers to a protein found in blood (rhesus protein). The phenotypes are either Rh positive (protein is present in the blood) or Rh negative 1.Mom is B positive and dad is A positive. Junior is O negative. What are the genotypes of mom, dad and junior ? Mom B ? R ?Dad A ? R ? Junior OOrr

Mom is O - Dad is heterozygous for both type B and the Rh factor What kind of kids could they have? Mom OOrrDad BORr OrORBr BR Or BORr BOrr OORr OOrr

“Lost” Babies Baby Punnett O + Baby Watson AB + Baby Crick B + Baby Gene O - Worried Parents Parents #1 B - A - Parents #2 B + AB - Parents #3 AB - O + Parents #4 A + A +

“Lost” Babies Baby Punnett O + Baby Watson AB + Baby Crick B + Baby Gene O - Worried Parents Parents #1 B - A - Parents #2 B + AB - Parents #3 AB - O + Parents #4 A + A +

“Lost” Babies Baby Punnett O + Baby Watson AB + Baby Crick B + Baby Gene O - Worried Parents Parents #1 B - A - Parents #2 B + AB - Parents #3 AB - O + Parents #4 A + A +

“Lost” Babies Baby Punnett O + Baby Watson AB + Baby Crick B + Baby Gene O - Worried Parents Parents #1 B - A - Parents #2 B + AB - Parents #3 AB - O + Parents #4 A + A +