Time variability of the ocean circulation around New Caledonia from altimetry, gliders and other in situ observations Frédéric MARIN 1, Jean-Luc FUDA 2,

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Presentation transcript:

Time variability of the ocean circulation around New Caledonia from altimetry, gliders and other in situ observations Frédéric MARIN 1, Jean-Luc FUDA 2, Fabien DURAND 3 1 IRD - LEGOS, Nouméa, New Caledonia 2 IRD – US IMAGO, Nouméa, New Caledonia 3 IRD – LEGOS, Toulouse, France 6th EGO Meeting and Final Symposium of the COST Action ES0904,Kiel, June 2014

REGIONAL CIRCULATION IN THE SOUTHWEST PACIFIC Ganachaud et al. (2012) Kessler and Cravatte(2014) complex bathymetry predominance of zonal jets low-frequency modulation of ENSO?

REGIONAL CIRCULATION IN THE SOUTHWEST PACIFIC Ganachaud et al. (2012) Kessler and Cravatte (2014) complex bathymetry predominance of zonal jets low-frequency modulation of ENSO? SPICE program

REGIONAL CIRCULATION IN THE SOUTHWEST PACIFIC (Ganachaud et al., 2012; Kessler and Cravatte, 2014) (Gasparin et al., 2011) South Caledonian Jet (SCJ) East Caledonian Current (ECC)

Validation of the SARAL/AltiKa measurements : AltiKa: Ka-band altimeter onboard SARAL satellite, dedicated to observations of near-coastal oceans case example to assess the performance of the Saral/AltiKa altimeter to monitor a coastal boundary current Scientific questions: spatial structure of the ECC? time variability of the ECC transport and water masses and its causes? potential impact of this western boundary current on properties’ mixing? AltiGlidEx project: to develop a synergy between altimetry and in situ observations to monitor the ECC (and SCJ)

1.Strategy of in situ observations 2.New insights on the ECC structure and variability from in situ observations, including gliders 3.Preliminary intercomparison between SARAL/Altika and in situ observations

STRATEGY OF IN SITU / SATELLITE OBSERVATIONS current-meter mooring in the ECC (167°15’E – 20°26’S) (0-1000m: nov – oct. 2011) (0-500m: oct – nov. 2013) repeated SPRAY glider sections m hydrographic sections (5 missions since 2010) dedicated oceanographic cruise (LOSS) m section m SADCP currents (oct.-nov. 2013) along two SARAL/AltiKa ground tracks (#746 and #202)

Track #746 SARAL / AltiKa mooring #202 glider cruise glider SCJ cruise glider STRATEGY OF IN SITU / SATELLITE OBSERVATIONS

November 2010 – October 2011 velocities decrease with depth, but remain strong at 1000m velocities tend to align with local topography at great depths October 2012 – November cm/s 40m 10.3 cm/s 200m 8.7 cm/s 400m 6.1 cm/s 1000m 6.9 cm/s 60m 5.7 cm/s 400m 6.9 cm/s 200m MOORING OBSERVATIONS (1) - MEAN CURRENTS (0-1000m)(0-500m)

→ strong variability at inertial (~32h), semi-diurnal and diurnal frequencies (at all depths) Velocity spectra at the mooring (november 2010 – december 2011) U V MOORING OBSERVATIONS (2) - HIGH-FREQUENCY VARIABILITY

November 2010 – October 2011 predominance of a surface-intensified intra-seasonal variability (above 300m) more stable jet-like velocities at greater depths October 2012 – November 2013 Daily-averaged currents observed at the mooring (167°15’E – 20°26’S) MOORING OBSERVATIONS (3) - INTRA-SEASONAL VARIABILITY cm/s

0-1000m mean current estimated at each dive from glider drift EEC is always present in glider observations, with significant time variability GLIDER OBSERVATIONS: (1) variability of m mean currents Aug. 2011Jul Sep Aug Oct. 2013

Aug. 2011Jul. 2013Aug Sep. 2013Oct m mean current estimated at each dive from glider drift EEC is always present in glider observations, with time variability out-of-phase variability of EEC and Vauban Current, related to eddies’ propagation GLIDER OBSERVATIONS: (1) variability of m mean currents

Leg 1 (mid-nov. 2010) Leg 2 (early dec. 2010) GLIDER OBSERVATIONS: (2) geostrophic velocities

Strategy to estimate geostrophic velocities (filtered out from tides) Time filtering (fit to tide harmonics) mean density profile (start of transect) mean density profile (end of transect) Mean cross-section geostrophic velocity and transport 32-hour-long virtual mooring GLIDER OBSERVATIONS: (2) geostrophic velocities 32-hour-long virtual mooring Transect of interest

Leg 1 (mid-nov. 2010) Leg 2 (early dec. 2010) 15.0 Sv (W) 7.4 Sv (NW) importance of the filtering velocity at the reference level GLIDER OBSERVATIONS: (2) geostrophic velocities

Track #746 lateral high salinity instrusions GLIDER OBSERVATIONS: (3) Salinity sections Track # JULY SEPTEMBER OCTOBER JULY OCTOBER 2013 Track #202

Track 746 Track 202 SARAL/ALTIKA OBSERVATIONS: (1) variability of Absolute Dynamical in the ECC

SARAL/AltiKa Absolute Dynamic Topography (cm) Vs Glider dynamic height (cm) w.r.t. 1000m Track #746 Track #202 Distance from the coast (km) Cycle 4 Cycle 5 Cycle 4 Cycle 5 Cycle 7 SARAL/ALTIKA OBSERVATIONS: (2) Comparison with in situ observations

CONCLUSION Glider observations in New Caledonia Nouméa: an additional glider port in the EU community needs of pre-filtering due to intense high-frequency variability Time and space variability of the ECC strong variability of the circulation and mass transport associated with the ECC meso-scale / intra-seasonal variability in the ECC associated with eddies propagation evidence of water masses intrusion in the ECC Intercomparison in situ / AltiKa observations case study for the intercomparison between AltiKa measurement and in situ obs.