PREPARED BY ASSISTANT PROFESSOR REHAN MASOOD ARCHITECTURE AND TOWN PLANNING – CE 4702 LECTURE 9 [HANDOUT 9] Outline: Need and scope of comprehensive plan Phases of planning and principles of planning PREPARED BY ASSISTANT PROFESSOR REHAN MASOOD Asst. Prof. Rehan Masood © DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING - THE UNIVERSITY OF LAHORE (UOL) - RAIWIND ROAD – LAHORE - PAKISTAN

NEED AND SCOPE OF COMPREHENSIVE PLAN ARCHITECTURE AND TOWN PLANNING – CE 4702 NEED AND SCOPE OF COMPREHENSIVE PLAN THE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN The basic town-planning document is a comprehensive plan that is adopted and maintained with regular revisions. The plan receives its day-to-day expression in a series of legal documents—town planning controls, subdivision regulations, and building and housing codes—that establish standards of land use and quality of construction. PREPARED BY ASSISTANT PROFESSOR REHAN MASOOD © DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING - THE UNIVERSITY OF LAHORE (UOL) - RAIWIND ROAD – LAHORE - PAKISTAN

NEED AND SCOPE OF COMPREHENSIVE PLAN ARCHITECTURE AND TOWN PLANNING – CE 4702 NEED AND SCOPE OF COMPREHENSIVE PLAN It brings together the analyses of the social, economic, and physical characteristics (such as the distribution of population, industry, businesses, open spaces, and publicly built facilities) that led to the plan; It examines special problems and opportunities within the city and establishes community-development objectives; It coordinates land development with transport, water supply, schools, and other facilities; It proposes ways to accomplish these coordinated objectives over time; It relates the plan to its impact on public revenues and expenditures; and It proposes regulations, policies, and programmes to implement the plan. Thus; the comprehensive plan is the guide to making daily development decisions in terms of their long-range consequences. In this respect town planning controls, subdivision regulations, and building and housing codes are the actual terms of reference for a comprehensive plan PREPARED BY ASSISTANT PROFESSOR REHAN MASOOD © DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING - THE UNIVERSITY OF LAHORE (UOL) - RAIWIND ROAD – LAHORE - PAKISTAN

PREPARED BY ASSISTANT PROFESSOR REHAN MASOOD ARCHITECTURE AND TOWN PLANNING – CE 4702 PLANNING PROCESS The phases of planning can also be defined as the planning process. The planning process requires a logical sequence of interrelated facts on which an argument or scheme is formulated, tested & proved. PHASE – 1: The first phase of planning process is surveying & mapping of the context & its appraisal. It means to identify the individuals, organizations, institutions, stake holders and activities of any context in which planning might function to redress any imbalance & anomaly of that context. PREPARED BY ASSISTANT PROFESSOR REHAN MASOOD © DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING - THE UNIVERSITY OF LAHORE (UOL) - RAIWIND ROAD – LAHORE - PAKISTAN

PREPARED BY ASSISTANT PROFESSOR REHAN MASOOD ARCHITECTURE AND TOWN PLANNING – CE 4702 PLANNING PROCESS PHASE – 2: The second phase of planning process is to formulate broad based community goals, which reflects over all demands and desires of the community at large. Or to test the political temperature and the criteria through which the plan shall be assessed. For example, “to provide better standard of housing throughout the local authority area” or “to ensure that adequate open spaces shall be provided to the community at the walking distance. Form these broad goals tactical decisions can be made. PREPARED BY ASSISTANT PROFESSOR REHAN MASOOD © DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING - THE UNIVERSITY OF LAHORE (UOL) - RAIWIND ROAD – LAHORE - PAKISTAN

PREPARED BY ASSISTANT PROFESSOR REHAN MASOOD ARCHITECTURE AND TOWN PLANNING – CE 4702 PLANNING PROCESS PHASE – 3: The third phase of planning process is the identification of objective which is more precise to achieve community goals. For example to achieve better standard of housing one requires a policy of rehabilitation or redevelopment or combination of both. This can be dome through public or private sector development or through joint venture. The establishment of community goals & objectives requires an extensive consultative process & public private partnership to develop priorities of the society i.e. to develop more schools or install new sewerage system. PREPARED BY ASSISTANT PROFESSOR REHAN MASOOD © DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING - THE UNIVERSITY OF LAHORE (UOL) - RAIWIND ROAD – LAHORE - PAKISTAN

PREPARED BY ASSISTANT PROFESSOR REHAN MASOOD ARCHITECTURE AND TOWN PLANNING – CE 4702 PLANNING PROCESS PHASE – 4: The phase fourth of planning process is to develop possible alternatives, which means the established goals & objective shall be examined and complied and course of action shall be developed. There are might be more than one course of actions which are constrained by financial, legal social and political ground realities. In this phase of planning all the components of solution to each objective which can fulfill a goal may be analyzed & tested. In this way the potential policies are formulated and alternative strategies are established. PREPARED BY ASSISTANT PROFESSOR REHAN MASOOD © DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING - THE UNIVERSITY OF LAHORE (UOL) - RAIWIND ROAD – LAHORE - PAKISTAN

PREPARED BY ASSISTANT PROFESSOR REHAN MASOOD ARCHITECTURE AND TOWN PLANNING – CE 4702 PLANNING PROCESS PHASE – 5: The phase five of planning process is evaluation of all the course of actions with a comparative analysis & measurement. In this phase some strategies will be eliminated immediately due to physical, social, economic or political reasons. Where as other strategies may require detailed analysis such as cost benefit analysis, financial appraisal and goal achievement matrix or SWOT analysis. This evaluation will assess & test the performance of each strategy or policy with respect to each objective & goal of plan. PREPARED BY ASSISTANT PROFESSOR REHAN MASOOD © DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING - THE UNIVERSITY OF LAHORE (UOL) - RAIWIND ROAD – LAHORE - PAKISTAN

PREPARED BY ASSISTANT PROFESSOR REHAN MASOOD ARCHITECTURE AND TOWN PLANNING – CE 4702 PLANNING PROCESS PHASE – 6: The sixth phase of planning process is implementation of chosen plan. This implementation phase has two major effects. One is the positive action on behalf of planning authority and other is stimulation of private sector enterprise through public sector efforts. In this phase a large amount of control and regulation over development takes place where private sector is supported and informal sector is restricted. PREPARED BY ASSISTANT PROFESSOR REHAN MASOOD © DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING - THE UNIVERSITY OF LAHORE (UOL) - RAIWIND ROAD – LAHORE - PAKISTAN

PREPARED BY ASSISTANT PROFESSOR REHAN MASOOD ARCHITECTURE AND TOWN PLANNING – CE 4702 PLANNING PROCESS PHASE – 7: Seventh phase of planning process is the Monitoring & review. Because once the plan is operational it is an abject need to scrutinize the plan with continuous surveillance regarding its working & impacts it generates. In this monitoring stage; the performance of policies is judged through its effectiveness and efficiency. However it may also address the changing circumstance and the adjustments in the plan accordingly. For example in original plan it was indicated that in first five years population growth shall be 100000 and the physical expansion shall take place accordingly. However after 2 years the growth of population has increase many fold than it requires adjustments to provide all the developments proportionately. Thus a careful and continuous monitoring becomes a regular feature of planning process and there shall be given permission in plan for additional planning. Especially it become a major issue in planning process that a change in political power occurs at local or national level which changes the whole scenario of the plan, because the over all goals & objective may have changed. Thus such kind of ever changing factors makes the planning process an endless cycle with dynamic and ever changing situations. PREPARED BY ASSISTANT PROFESSOR REHAN MASOOD © DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING - THE UNIVERSITY OF LAHORE (UOL) - RAIWIND ROAD – LAHORE - PAKISTAN