READING 1

Background John Snow ( ) was born and worked as a doctor in Great Britain. He was originally an anesthetist( 麻醉师 ).He was so famous that he became the doctor for Queen Victoria at the births of her many children.

Four outbreaks of cholera in the 1830s and 1840s killed many people in England. In 1854, “the most terrible outbreak of cholera which ever occurred in the kingdom” began.It was so violent and sudden that 127people died in the first three days.

Name of illness cholera ( 霍乱 ) Symptom( 症状 ) severe vomiting ( 呕吐 ) and diarrhoea ( 腹泻 ) Aftereffect die quickly from a loss of liquid What was the cause of this illness? How did John Snow find it out?

water pump handle

Scanning Read the passage, do Ex 1 in Page 3 and make a choice.

What ’ s the main idea of the passage? A.John Snow was a well-known doctor in London. B.The cause of Cholera was polluted water. C.The source of all drinking water should be examined. D.How did John Snow collect, analyze data and find the cause of the disease and solved it.

Read the passage quickly and find the number below and the relevant happenings in the passage. Two theories In , 10 16, 37, 38 and 40 20,21; 8,9 7

pump BROAD STREET CAMBRIDGE STREET 21 John Snow's Cholera Map 7 Pub

Two theories In , 10 16, 37, 38 and 40 20, 21; 8, 9 7 The first suggested that … multiplied in the air;. The second suggested … absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. Another outbreak hit London. More than 500people had died in 10 days. These numbers in Broad Street near the water pump had many of the deaths 20 and 21 Broad Street and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street had no deaths ….They didn ’ t drink the water from the Broad Street pump. These families worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street.

draw a conclusion think of a method collect results make a question find a problem analyse the results repeat if necessary find a problem make a question think of a method collect results analyse the results repeat if necessary draw a conclusion How to prove a new idea in scientific research? find supporting evidence

Read the passage again and figure out different stages of John’s research.

many people died of cholera, but nobody knew the cause nor the cure (find a problem) There were 2 theories, but which was correct? (make up a question) (think of a method) Used a map Gathered information (collect results) Marked on a map where the all the dead people had lived and discovered the water source was polluted. (analyse the results) (repeat if necessary)

Found 2 other deaths in another part of London that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak. (find supporting evidence) Announced with certainty that polluted water carried disease. (draw a conclusion)

Homework 1.Read the text aloud to show that you understand it well. 2.Remember the new vocabulary in bold.